We study the dynamics of iterated cosine maps E: z 7→ aez + be−z, with a, b ∈ C \ {0}. We show that the points which converge to ∞ under iteration are organized in the form of rays and, as in the exponential family, every escaping point is either on one of these rays or the landing point of a unique ray. Thus we get a complete classification of the escaping points of the cosine family, confirmi...

With a rapidly changing climate, there is an increasing need to predict how species will respond to changes in the physical environment. One approach is to use historic data to estimate the past influence of environmental variation on important demographic parameters and then use these relationships to project the abundance of a population or species under future climate scenarios. However, as ...

Lyme borreliosis (LB) is a serious infectious disease of humans and some domestic animals in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. It is caused by certain spirochetes in the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) species complex. The complex consists of 11 species (genospecies). Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (s.s.), Borrelia garinii and Borrelia afzelii are the major agents of huma...

BACKGROUND Lyme Borreliosis is a multisystemic infection caused by spirochetes of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex. The features of Lyme Borreliosis may differ in the various geographical areas, primarily between the manifestations found in America and those found in Europe and Asia. OBJECTIVE to describe the clinical features of Lyme Borreliosis in an endemic geographic area such as F...

Abstract A 39-year-old woman was referred with a 3-month history of brittle nails, painful fingertips and psoriasiform plaques affecting her torso limbs. She had past medical macrocytic anaemia secondary to dietary B12 folate deficiencies, which required inpatient transfusions. no previous dermatological concerns, there infection or trauma the affected sites. On examination hands feet, evidence...