We have characterized cis-acting elements that direct the early phase of Hoxc-8 expression using reporter gene analysis in transgenic mice. By deletion we show that a 135 bp DNA fragment, located approximately 3 kb upstream of the coding region of Hoxc-8, is capable of directing posterior neural tube expression. This early neural tube (ENT) enhancer consists of four separate elements, designate...

Primary piRNAs in Drosophila ovarian somatic cells arise from piRNA cluster transcripts and the 3' UTRs of a subset of mRNAs, including Traffic jam (Tj) mRNA. However, it is unclear how these RNAs are determined as primary piRNA sources. Here, we identify a cis-acting 100-nt fragment in the Tj 3' UTR that is sufficient for producing artificial piRNAs from unintegrated DNA. These artificial piRN...

All ribosomal protein (rp) gene promoters from Saccharomyces cerevisiae studied so far contain either (usually two) binding sites for the global gene regulator Rap1p or one binding site for another global factor, Abf1p. Previous analysis of the rpS33 and rpL45 gene promoters suggested that apart from the Abf1 binding site, additional cis-acting elements play a part in transcription activation o...

A series of vectors with heterologous genes was constructed from HSRV1, an infectious clone of human foamy virus (HFV), and transfected into baby hamster kidney cells to generate stably transfected vector cell lines. Two cis-acting sequences were required to achieve efficient rescue by helper virus. The first element was located at the 5' end upstream of position 1274 of the proviral DNA. Inter...

The glucokinase gene GLK1 of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is transcriptionally regulated in response to the carbon source of the growth medium. Northern-blot analysis shows that the GLK1 gene is expressed at a basal level in the presence of glucose, de-repressed more than 6-fold under conditions of sugar limitation and more than 25-fold under conditions of ethanol induction. lacZ fusions ...