The present study shows that extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) has the capacity to mediate dose-dependent lysis of the monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1. The lysis, assessed by 5‘Cr release, was found to be selective for ATP, because adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or other nucleotides were less effective in their ability to lyse the cells. The amount of “Cr released was particularly enha...

Dinitrophenol (DNP) and decanoate acted as uncoupling agents in intact Ehrlich ascites cells. Their effects were exerted very rapidly, and within 5 minutes of their addition to ascites cells all adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) was lost from the cells. In the presence of either DNP or decanoate there was a decrease in the extent of labeling of the ATP plus ADP fracti...

The dynamics and polarity of actin filaments are controlled by a conformational change coupled to the hydrolysis of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) by a mechanism that remains to be elucidated. Actin modified to block polymerization was crystallized in the adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) state, and the structure was solved to 1.54 angstrom resolution. Compared with previous ATP-actin structures ...

BACKGROUND Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a cotransmitter with noradrenaline (NA) in sympathetic perivascular nerves. It has a dual role in the maintenance of vascular tone as ATP, released from endothelial cells during shear stress or hypoxia, induces vasodilatation via endothelial P2Y receptors or by direct action on smooth muscle. The role and distribution of P2 receptors is well characteri...

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is an excellent biomarker present in all living cells. During the past several years, several ATP test methods have been developed to overcome interferences that have historically made ATP testing of fuels impractical. This paper compares two of the new ATP test methods, presenting sensitivity and precision data for each method. Additionally, for one of the methods ...

The change of extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration affects many important physiological functions significantly. As a transmitter, ATP acts on neuro-effector junction directly and/or modulates the release of other neurotransmitters. By acting on the various P2-purinoceptors or ionic channels on the membrane, ATP also has some striking effects on cell activities. This review ...

ATP-binding cassette transporters are powered by ATP, but the mechanism by which these transporters hydrolyze ATP is unclear. In this study, four crystal structures of the full-length wild-type maltose transporter, stabilized by adenosine 5'-(β,γ-imido)triphosphate or ADP in conjunction with phosphate analogs BeF(3)(-), VO(4)(3-), or AIF(4)(-), were determined to 2.2- to 2.4-Å resolution. These...

We have previously shown that hypertonic stress (HS) can suppress chemoattractant-induced neutrophil responses via cyclic adenosine monophosphate and enhance these responses through p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation. The underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here, we report that HS dose-dependently releases adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) from neutrophils and that extracellula...