One strategy to reduce aflatoxin contamination of maize and cottonseed is to introduce spores of non-aflatoxigenic strains as competitors. Using isogenic mutants we show that, upon 5 or 20 min exposure to 302 nm (UVB) light, the viability of conidia of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus mutants lacking the ability to accumulate any aflatoxin precursor metabolite is reduced five-fold...

Peanut pods are easily infected by aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus sp.ecies from field soil. To assess the aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus sp. in different peanut field soils, 344 aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus strains were isolated from 600 soil samples of four agroecological zones in China (the Southeast coastal zone (SEC), the Yangtze River zone (YZR), the Yellow River zone (YR) and the Nor...

Plants are unique sources of useful metabolites. Plant essential oils display a wide range of antimicrobial effects against various pathogens. Here, we studied the essential oil from the seeds of Carum copticum. We monitored aflatoxin by high-performance liquid chromatography. Results show that Carum copticum essential oil inhibits Asergillus parasiticus growth and prevents aflatoxin production...

Aflatoxin resulting from the consumption of contaminated cereals has always been a concern in Kenya. The purpose this study was to determine economic costs aflatoxin contamination Meru and Tharaka Nithi counties A multi-stage cluster sampling using Kenya National Bureau Statistics (KNBS) design used select clusters households. Once were identified, households selected each stratified random met...

Background: Aflatoxins are found in the most types of foods such as corn, peanuts, pistachio, rice, milk, and etc. These toxins may cause several adverse health effects, notably cancer. The main aim of this study was to evaluate excretion level of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), as a biomarker of aflatoxin B1 exposure, in urine samples of Iranian population. Also, relationship between diet and urinary exc...

Two distinct reservoirs of mycotoxins exist in fungal-infected cereal grains--the fungal spores and the spore-free mycelium-substrate matrix. Many fungal spores are of respirable size and the mycelium-substrate matrix can be pulverized to form particles of respirable size during routine handling of grain. In order to determine the contribution of each source to the level of mycotoxin contaminat...

in this investigation the effect of trichoderma isolates in inhibition of aspergillus flavus growth and reducing of aflatoxin b1 (afb1) was studied in culture media and pistachio nuts. among trichoderma isolates, t1, t3, t4 and t17 isolates showed significant impact on inhibiting of a. flavus r5growth. t3 and t4 isolates were the most effective isolates, which caused 84.40% and 77.88% reduction...

Researchers are currently developing new value-added uses for almond shells, an abundant agricultural by-product. Almond varieties are distinguished by processors as being either hard or soft shelled, but these two broad classes of almond also exhibit varietal diversity in shell morphology and physical characters. By defining more precisely the physical and chemical characteristics of almond sh...

International Food Hygiene — Volume 19 Number 2 5 Mycotoxins are harmful metabolites of moulds (fungi) that can be synthesised on plant materials pre-harvest. Mycotoxins can also accumulate when plant products are stored under suboptimal conditions. Formation of mycotoxins in the field will depend on climatic conditions at the time of harvest and during critical stages of plant development. Hig...

in this survey aflatoxin contamination of fifty two samples of raw milk and nine samples of commercial milk were determined by t.l.c. method. the results showed that 92.31% of the samples of raw milk and all the samples of commercial milk were contaminated by aflatoxin m1 and m2. none of the samples contained alatoxin b1, b2, g1 and g2. the maximum amounts of 23/. g/lit and 20.1 g/lit were foun...