Security is one of the most critical factors affecting the quality of urban spaces. Nowadays, most of these spaces have become merely pathways with neither social life nor sense of belonging to it. Insufficiency of public surveillance along with weak sense of control and surveillance results in spaces with high crime rate. In the late 60s and early 70s, high crime statistics in open urban space...

objective: this research aimed at evaluating the moderator role of school connection on the impact of violent friends towards aggressive behaviors in adolescent students of tehran high schools. methods: a sample of 3529 participants from tehran high school students was selected using multistage sampling method. participants completed school connection questionnaire (scq), iranian adolescents ri...

BACKGROUND Although environmental characteristics as perceived by parents are known to be related to children's outdoor play behavior, less is known about the relation between independently measured neighborhood characteristics and outdoor play among children. The purpose of this study was to identify quantitative as well as qualitative neighborhood characteristics related to outdoor play by me...

University students' sense of belonging has been greatly underrated since the pandemic, despite fact that school studied for many years. Due to closings during college students lost majority their social connections at university, and they have trouble rebuilding networks after pandemic. In present study, mediating role connectedness in relationship between life satisfaction university was inve...