OBJECTIVES To demonstrate that urine cytology screening can provide relevant epidemiological data for earlier detection of urothelial cancer caused by occupational exposure. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Industries using urothelial carcinogens in France. Urine samples were collected on site, after a work week and were analysed at the University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Franc...

This Discussion Paper is issued within the framework of IZA's research area 7KH)XWXUH RI :RUN Any opinions expressed here are those of the author(s) and not those of the institute. Research disseminated by IZA may include views on policy, but the institute itself takes no institutional policy positions. The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international rese...

Under 5 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 7.1 5 to 9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 6.7 10 to 14 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 7.7 15 to 19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 8.0 20 to 24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

Under 5 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 8.1 5 to 9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 8.7 10 to 14 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222 10.2 15 to 19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 6.8 20 to 24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

Under 5 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 6.6 5 to 9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249 8.2 10 to 14 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 8.1 15 to 19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 6.0 20 to 24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

Under 5 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317 7.6 5 to 9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315 7.5 10 to 14 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 5.9 15 to 19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268 6.4 20 to 24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

Purple heading Chinese cabbage has become popular in recent years due to its attractive color and health benefits. However, purple varieties remain rare, the regulation mechanism of anthocyanin accumulation is still largely unknown. By introducing trait from Brassica juncea, a new cultivar (18M-245) was generated with deep leaves at both seedling adult stages. Anthocyanin 18M-245 increased when...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), is a common reproductive endocrine disorder in women. Women with PCOS experience difficulty to conceive (i.e., infertility) and may have large amounts of androgens. The prevalence increasing rapidly worldwide.The main objective study, collect data, determine, interpret the symptoms female students, assess percentage students suffering from menstrual irregularit...