BACKGROUND Consumer-driven homecare models support aging and disabled individuals to live independently through the services of homecare workers. Although these models have benefits, including autonomy and control over services, little evidence exists about challenges homecare workers may face when providing services, including workplace violence and the negative outcomes associated with workpl...

An important question in ecology is how mechanistic processes occurring among individuals drive large-scale patterns of community formation and change. Here we show that in two species of bluebirds, cycles of replacement of one by the other emerge as an indirect consequence of maternal influence on offspring behavior in response to local resource availability. Sampling across broad temporal and...

The Brief Rating of Aggression by Children and Adolescents (BRACHA) is a 14-item instrument scored by emergency room staff members to assess aggression risk during an upcoming psychiatric hospitalization. In this study, we investigated the inter-rater reliability of the BRACHA 0.9, the latest version of the instrument. After receiving training based on the BRACHA 0.9 manual, 10 intake workers v...

T his p;iper is unusual tbr this journal Ix'cau.se most readers elo not deal protessionally with animals, Infonnaiion fix)m primatology, however, is relevant to consideration of violent e Ix-tween people. I will fiHus tnaitily on ;iggre.ssion and peacemaking among nonhuman primates, but will addre.ss related topics as well. I do not use the term Mggression' to reter onlvto violent behavior but ...

The ideal 'replacement alternative' is defined within the 3Rs philosophy of Russell and Burch (1959) as 'non-animal'. However, the nature of knowledge and skills acquisition within the life sciences highlight a shortcoming of the 3Rs approach for education and training. Despite the widespread success of replacement of harmful animal use by non-animal alternatives such as multimedia, virtual rea...

Research has identified appetitive aggression, i.e., the perception of committed, violent acts as appealing, exciting and fascinating, as a common phenomenon within populations living in precarious and violent circumstances. Investigating demobilized soldiers in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) demonstrated that violent offending is associated with appetitive aggression and not necessaril...

BACKGROUND Individuals with a psychotic disorder are at an increased risk of becoming victim of a crime or other forms of aggression. Research has revealed several possible risk factors (e.g. impaired social cognition, aggression regulation problems, assertiveness, self-stigma, self-esteem) for victimization in patients with a psychotic disorder. To address these risk factors and prevent victim...

BACKGROUND Anxiety is one of the most common reactions that parents show while understanding their children's intellectual disability due to Down syndrome. Anxiety leads parents not to develop appropriate relations with their children, subsequently their psychological health are at risk. The present study was aimed to determine the effect of problem-focused coping strategy training on psycholog...