EX-ACT (EX-Ante Carbon-balance Tool) is a tool developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). It provides ex-ante measurements of the mitigation impact of agriculture and forestry development projects, estimating net C balance from GHG emissions and Carbon (C) sequestration. EX-ACT is a land-based accounting system, measuring C stocks, stock changes per unit of ...

Over the past three decades, the agricultural biotechnology sector has been characterized by rapid innovation, market consolidation, and a more exhaustive definition of property rights. The industry attributes consistently identified by the literature and important to this analysis include: (i) endogenous sunk costs in the form of expenditures on R&D; (ii) seed and agricultural chemical technol...

a r t i c l e i n f o The concept of sustainable economic growth is closely linked with the agricultural growth. This is especially true in the context of underdeveloped countries. Pakistan is a typical underdeveloped country that has huge labor force employed in conventional rural economy and more than half of the population relies on agriculture for subsistence. The study examines the agricul...

Public agricultural research in the United States is conducted by state agricultural experiment stations (SAES) and by the research agencies of the USDA. Both have research activities in every state. A vast amount of research and experiments has shown that the performance of plants and to a lesser extent animals, in which new technologies are frequently embodied, is altered by local geoclimatic...

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The research work on sweet sorghum carried out at the Nimbkar Agricultural Research Institute (NARI) during last twenty-five years has been summarized. American lines were crossed with a local Indian fodder/grain variety to produce varieties with a juicy stalk and good quality grain. Further breeding was carried out to produce varieties and hybrids giving high yield of good quality grain while ...

as an assessment method of the water resources, water poverty index (wpi) has become an available tool in water resources management. in particular, agricultural water poverty index (awpi) is an assessment tool for agricultural water in rural areas. during the past decades, mahidasht basin in kermanshah province has been declared by water policy makers as “forbidden” basin in terms of water exp...

Over the past decade, donors have made a concerted effort to improve aid effectiveness. This intent was codified by the Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development in the Paris Declaration of 2005, under which development agencies agreed to manage their aid budgets on the basis of five principles, two of which included managing development fund...

The challenges faced by agricultural innovation systems (A.I.S.) are complex to solve, however, the authors consider that understanding processes of and development (R&D), sustainability, use information communication technologies, training, outreach, as focus discussion in this review, have great potential close gaps system; well exploring strategies, projects best practices dynamize o...