As a requirement for sustainable development, air-cycle refrigeration has received wide attention as candidate environmentally friendly air conditioning technology. In this study, the thermodynamic performance of cycles is investigated in compartment conditioning. The effects compressor efficiency, expander ambient humidity, all-fresh-air supply and pressure on cycle are presented. arrangement ...

Ooty the Head Quarters of Nilgiris Districts has a large Number of commercial and non-commercial vehicles, due to increasing industrialization and Tourism related activities. In this thesis a study was conducted on vehicle pollution in Ooty town to asses pollution contribution from transport sector. Pollution due to auto exhaust has assumed menacing proportion in the developing countries like I...

We propose two virtual sensors which estimate the location of the pressure peak and the air-fuel ratio from measurements of the ionization current across the spark plug gap. The location of pressure peak virtual sensor produces estimates on a cycle-by-cycle basis for each of the cylinders. These estimates are twice as good as estimates obtained from a linear model. The air-fuel ratio virtual se...

Availability changes with crank angle at the optimum engine operating point of 4000 rpm and WOT for CNG fuelling, CNG and gasoline engine operations at optimal engine conditions with the equivalence ratio Φ = 1.1, distribution of fuel availability of CNG and gasoline fuelled engine at equivalence ratio of Φ = 1.1, entropytemperature diagram for the engine optimal operating point and CNG fuellin...

Phase coherence between geomagnetic activity and temperature vari7 ability from stratosphere to troposphere is quantified and statistically tested in 8 the oscillatory mode with the period 7–8 years using the ERA-40/ERA-Interim 9 and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis monthly air temperature data. Conditional phase 10 coherence is used to identify the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) as a mediator 11 transfe...

BACKGROUND Despite the occurrence of the nasal cycle being well documented, the functional purpose of this phenomenon is not well understood. This investigation seeks to better understand the physiological objective of the nasal cycle in terms of airway health through the use of a computational nasal air-conditioning model. METHOD A new state-variable heat and water mass transfer model is dev...

According to international guidelines, fitness to dive is generally assessed using a bicycle stress test (BST) in air. To date, there is no study explicitly addressing the question whether the results of a BST in air really predict performance status under water. Therefore, the aim of the present study was twofold: first, to design an experimental setting allowing the examination of physical pe...

[1] This study estimates the amplitude and phase of the climatological diurnal cycle of temperature, from the surface to 10 hPa. The analysis is based on four-times-daily radiosonde data from 53 stations in four regions in the Northern Hemisphere, equatorial soundings from the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere/Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Response Experiment, and more recent eight-times-daily radios...

We present results from a new global atmospheric mercury model coupled with a mixed layer slab ocean. The ocean model describes the interactions of the mixed layer with the atmosphere and deep ocean, as well as conversion between elemental, divalent, and non-reactive mercury species. Our global mean aqueous concentrations of 0.07 pM elemental, 0.80 pM reactive, and 1.51 pM total mercury agree w...