Tin doped In2S3 films were grown by the chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP) method using the pneumatic spray set-up and compressed air as a carrier gas. The spraying solution contained indium chloride (InCl3), thiourea [CS(NH2)2] and (SnCl4) at a molar ratio of S/In = 2.5. The deposition was carried out at 350 °C on glass substrates. The Sn doping level was changed with Sn/In = 0-8 % in solution. Th...

Navy research shows that water delivered as a fine mist (or fog) is more effective than sprays in suppressing large scale fires[1, 2]. Fine mists have three distinct advantages. First, the small drop sizes that make up the mist allow the water to reach obstructed fires more easily than larger spray drops. Secondly, the water mist system has a lower water demand than the spray system. Lastly, sm...

The objective of this study was to mimic the microstructure of MCrAlY coatings sprayed using HVOF (High Velocity Oxy-Fuel) processes by using an Air Plasma Spray (APS) process in order to improve oxidation and spallation life of MCrAlY APS coatings. Figure 1 shows the typical microstructures obtained when spraying bond coats using the (a) HVOF process, and (b) the APS process. The microstructur...

Spray dried vaccine formulations might be an alternative to traditional lyophilized vaccines. Compared to lyophilization, spray drying is a fast and cheap process extensively used for drying biologicals. The current study provides an approach that utilizes Design of Experiments for spray drying process to stabilize whole inactivated influenza virus (WIV) vaccine. The approach included systemati...

The present paper is primarily concerned with modeling complex turbulent wall-bounded flow in spray-painting processes by using a commercial CFD code. Computational results of turbulent channel flow with low Reynolds numbers are compared with DNS data in order to obtain the performance of turbulence models and near wall treatments. The realizable k-ε model with the nonequilibrium wall function ...

Local residual stress in thermally grown oxide (TGO) layers is the primary cause of failure thermal barrier coating (TBC) systems, especially TBCs prepared by air plasma spray (APS) with a highly irregular TGO. Herein, distribution and evolution TGO layer APS were investigated as function oxidation time. The was measured from cross-sectional micrographs converted to actual inside coatings befor...

Yb2Si2O7/Si environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) were produced by air plasma spray (APS) and low-pressure (LPPS) processes. The phase composition, microstructure, bonding strength of APS LPPS EBCs investigated. Thermal cycling tests performed in steam atmosphere respectively at 1316 °C for both EBCs. There is no coating failure after 900 cycles. In contrast, have an average life 576 cycles a t...

The plasma spray process was used to form 70%NiCrAlY + 30%TiO2 and 25%Cr2O3 5%YSZ cermet coatings on MDN-420 special steel alloy . Cyclic oxidation testing conducted coated uncoated specimens at 700°C under a static air environment. Thermogravimetric analysis applied establish the kinetics. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), p...

This paper presents a brief overview of our INCITE 2007 project on the direct numerical simulation of nonpremixed flames subjected to turbulent flows and water spray evaporation. The simulation is a culmination of our recent developments in advanced physical submodels associated with radiative heat transfer and Lagrangian spray dynamics. One of the main objectives is to identify and verify a un...