Typical control charts output a single signal called an alarm upon detection of an abrupt change. This alarm may serve a variety of functions depending on the context. Alarms for mechanical, chemical, or electrical systems often drive maintenance actions. The timing and nature of these maintenance actions may in turn have a significant impact on the long-term cost or profitability of the system...

An optimal alarm system and its approximations may use Kalman filtering for univariate linear dynamic systems driven by Gaussian noise to provide a layer of predictive capability. Predicted Kalman filter future process values and a fixed critical threshold can be used to construct a candidate level-crossing event over a predetermined prediction window. An optimal alarm system can be designed to...

A telecommunication network produces daily large amounts of alarm data. The data contains hidden valuable knowledge about the behavior of the network. This knowledge can be used in ltering redundant alarms, locating problems in the network, and possibly in predicting severe faults. We describe the TASA (Telecommunication Network Alarm Sequence Ana-lyzer) system for discovering and browsing know...

In this paper, we propose an operator model to detect and identify causes of failure in an emergency, based on which an alarm system in a process can be evaluated and improved. The operator model is a human processor model that includes a perceptual processor, short-term and long-term memories, a cognitive processor, and a motor processor. Knowledge bases for variable information, failure-sympt...

OBJECTIVE Performance consequences related to integrating an imperfect alert within a complex task domain were examined in two experiments. BACKGROUND Cockpit displays of traffic information (CDTIs) are being designed for use in airplane cockpits as responsibility for safe separation becomes shared between pilots and controllers. Of interest in this work is how characteristics of the alarm sy...

Collision warning systems represent a promising means to reduce rear-end crash involvement. However, these systems experience failures in the real-world that may promote driver distrust and diminish drivers’ willingness to comply with warnings. Recent research suggests that not all false alarms (FAs) are detrimental to drivers. However, very few studies have examined how different alarms influe...

AIM (i) To determine the efficacy of bell and pad alarm therapy as an initial and relapse treatment for nocturnal enuresis; (ii) to explore risk factors for treatment failure; and (iii) to explore risk factors for relapse within 12 months of successful bell and pad alarm therapy. METHODS A 22-item questionnaire was sent to 240 children who received bell and pad alarm therapy in a 6-year perio...