exposure buildup factors have been calculated by monte carlo method for point isotropic gamma ray sources, penetrating a two-layer spherical shield of water surrounded by lead, and the effect of bremsstrahlung radiation on buildup factors has, in particular, been investigated, the results of which are in good agreement with previous works. the buildup factors were then calculated for various co...

introduction: scattered photon is one of the main defects that degrade the quality and quantitative accuracy of nuclear medicine images. accurate estimation of scatter in projection data of spect is computationally extremely demanding for activity distribution in uniform and non-uniform dense media. methods: the objective of this paper is to develop and validate a scatter correction technique t...

" Extended Ensemble Monte Carlo " is a generic term that indicates a set of algorithms which are now being popular in a variety of fields in physics and statistical information processing. Exchange Monte Carlo (Metropolis-Coupled Chain, Parallel Tempering), Simulated Tempering (Expanded Ensemble Monte Carlo), and Multicanonical Monte Carlo (Adaptive Umbrella Sampling) are typical members of thi...

Monte Carlo applications are widely perceived as computationally intensive but naturally parallel. Therefore, they can be effectively executed on the grid using the dynamic bag-of-work model. We improve the efficiency of the subtask-scheduling scheme by using an N-out-of-M strategy, and develop a Monte Carlo-specific lightweight checkpoint technique, which leads to a performance improvement for...

Monte Carlo and Quasi-Monte Carlo Methods Optimized Particle Regeneration Scheme for the Wigner Monte Carlo Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Paul Ellinghaus, Mihail Nedjalkov, and Siegfried Selberherr Sensitivity Analysis of Design Parameters for Silicon Diodes . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 J.M. Sellier, Rayna Georgieva, and Ivan D...

Population annealing is a Monte Carlo algorithm that marries features from simulated-annealing and parallel-tempering Monte Carlo. As such, it is ideal to overcome large energy barriers in the free-energy landscape while minimizing a Hamiltonian. Thus, population-annealing Monte Carlo can be used as a heuristic to solve combinatorial optimization problems. We illustrate the capabilities of popu...

abstractbackground: an electron beam generated x-ray spectrum consists of characteristic x-ray and continuous bermsstrahlung. the aim of this research is calculating and comparing x-ray spectra for different target filter of mammograms. materials and methods: monte carlo is a very powerful tool to simulate a series of different target-filter assembly in order to calculate the x-ray spectra. mcn...

background: the purpose of this study was to investigate the application of the monte carlo technique to calculate and analysis of dosimetric parameters for electron beams used in radiotherapy. this technique is based on statistical method and has a powerful role in different radiotherapy aspects. materials and methods: the simulated medical linear accelerator was the varian clinac 2100c. the e...

In this paper we introduce a Monte Carlo based hyper-heuristic. The Monte Carlo hyper-heuristic manages a set of low level heuristics (in this case just simple 2-opt swaps but they could be any other heuristics). Each of the low level heuristics is responsible for creating a unique neighbour that may be impossible to create by the other low level heuristics. On each iteration, the Monte Carlo h...