background: high prevalence of risky behaviors in alcohol dependents have been shown in several studies, but correlation between alcohol abuse and risky behaviors and relapse in patients with opiate dependence has been less investigated. this study aimed to determine the effect of alcohol abuse in rate of risk-taking behaviors in opiate dependents patients treated on maintenance program in nort...

the harmful use of alcohol causes an estimated 2.5 million deaths every year, of which a significant proportion occur in the young. alcohol use is the third leading risk factor for poor health globally. in response to harmful use of alcohol, world health organization developed a global strategy to reduce the harmful use of alcohol endorsed by the sixty-third world health assembly in 2010. paral...

Abstract Eye gnats (mainly Liohippelates pusio and collusor) are pest species that have been the subject of considerable research extension activity in United States since 1930s. They cause discomfort stress—and may transmit pathogens—to humans animals. We reviewed abundant literature on biological, ecological, management aspects eye gnats. gnat biology life cycles well studied agricultural sys...

This study seeks to contribute the literature by presenting a discussion of potential cyber risks and precautionary measures concerning unmanned vehicles as whole. In this study, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) spoofing, jamming, password cracking, denial-of-service (DoS), injecting malware, modification firmware are identified cyberattack methods against vehicles. Potential deterrent...

Abstract Given recent data regarding fishing vessels switching off their Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) in the Western Indian Ocean, this article assesses potential illegality of practice by analysing national and international legislation. It shows that enforcement AIS laws is generally poor, although these are becoming increasingly robust some jurisdictions, sanctions not severe enoug...

The evolutionary hypotheses on plant-herbivore interaction assume that plant secondary compounds, such as the phlorotannins of brown algae, function as feeding deterrents for herbivores. We studied the effect of seaweed quality on the feeding preferences and performance of the isopod Idotea baltica. We offered I. baltica 6 species of algae, abundant in the Fucus vesiculosus belts where this mes...