White Spot Disease (WSD) is a viral disease affecting crustaceans. Caused by the Syndrome Virus (WSSV), this has caused significant mortality in commercially cultivated marine shrimp species with severe impacts on farming industry and may be threat to wild stocks. Thorough studies molecular biology of pathogen are urgently needed improve understanding virus at level, including variation key pro...

Zinc oxide (ZnO) possesses superior chemical and physical properties so that it can occupy an essential position in the application of nanostructures. In this paper, ZnO nano-rod arrays were synthesized by a simple one-step hydrothermal approach with assistance cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB). Exposure {0001} facets could be controlled adjusting amount CTAB maximum exposure nanorods is ...

Probably the first studies of the pharmacology of quaternary ammonium compounds were made by Crum-Brown and Fraser in 1868. Burn and Dale (1915) found that, unlike nicotine, tetraethyl-ammonium chloride blocked autonomic ganglia without noticeable initial stimulation. Barlow and Ing (1948a and b), Paton and Zaimis (1948a and b), and Balaban et al. (1949) studied the properties of some chemical ...