We asked if the mechanisms of exocytosis and its regulation in epithelial cells share features with those in excitable cells. Cultured dog pancreatic duct epithelial cells were loaded with an oxidizable neurotransmitter, dopamine or serotonin, and the subsequent release of these exogenous molecules during exocytosis was detected by carbon-fiber amperometry. Loaded cells displayed spontaneous ex...

A thin film of epinephrine (EP) was electrochemically deposited on the surface of glassy carbon electrode previously activated in NaHCO3 solution. The cyclic voltammograms of the modified electrode indicate that the surface confined EP are strongly dependent on the solution pH, as expected for quinone/hydroquinone functionalities. The EP-modified glassy carbon electrode exhibited...

Visible light can be converted into electricity using dye sensitised solar cells (DSSCs), with their performance mainly based on the type of used as a sensitiser. Currently, dyes extracted from natural sources are highly preferred by researchers in this field. Natural reduce high cost metal complex sensitisers and replace expensive processes chemical synthesis simple extraction processes. envir...

During neuronal communication neurotransmitters are released through the process exocytosis that occurs on the time scale of sub-milliseconds to milliseconds. Neuronal activity by neurotransmitters that are non-electroactive cannot easily be monitored due to limitations in the temporal resolutions of the sensor probes for these analytes. In order to achieve a fast detection of the rapid transie...

In the agricultural field, pesticides are used tremendously to shield our crops from insects, weeds, and diseases. Only a small percentage of employed reach their intended target, remainder passes through soil, contaminating ground surface-water supplies, damaging crop fields, ultimately harming crop, including humans other creatures. Alternative approaches for pesticide measurement have recent...