The fundamentals, standardization, innovative strategies, and future direction of low-temperature water electrolysis including alkaline (AWE), proton exchange membrane (PEMWE), anion (AEMWE) electrolyses are discussed.

Two things are striking about this medieval definition. The first is that it is very close to the modern conception of formal consequence one finds in Bolzano and Tarski3. The second is that although Buridan and the other fourteenth-century logicians state these distinctions with a great deal of precision, they say almost nothing about the point of the distinctions. Why are these distinctions d...

Derived varieties were invented by P. Cohn in [4]. Derived varieties of a given type were invented by the authors in [10]. In the paper we deal with the derived variety Vσ of a given variety, by a fixed hypersubstitution σ. We introduce the notion of the dimension of a variety as the cardinality κ of the set of all proper derived varieties of V included in V. We examine dimensions of some varie...

This paper develops a probabilistic reconstruction of the No Miracles Argument (NMA) in the debate between scientific realists and anti-realists. The goal of the paper is to clarify and to sharpen the NMA by means of a probabilistic formalization. In particular, I demonstrate that the persuasive force of the NMA depends on the particular disciplinary context where it is applied, and the stabili...

Accurate and effective system-level modeling has become necessary to address electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) issues in modern circuit and system design. Model order reduction (MOR) techniques provide a feasibility to approximate complex circuit models with compact reduced-order models. In this paper, an effective MOR technique entitled multi-point moment matching (MMM) is implemented for th...

Valid evaluations of automated writing evaluation (AWE) design, development, and implementation should integrate the learners’ perspective in order to ensure the attainment of desired outcomes. This paper explores the learner fit quality of the Research Writing Tutor (RWT), an emerging AWE tool tested with L2 writers at an early stage of its development. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the ...

A plethora of studies have investigated the effects peer evaluation (PE) and automated writing (AWE) on products perspectives English as a foreign language (EFL) students. However, few compare students' preferences regarding its utilization to evaluate their essays. This study aimed determine which method EFL college students prefer for evaluating quality academic writing. For data collection, ...