Theory and some empirical research suggest that there may be a relationship between emotions and performance on cognitive tasks. The construct of emotional intelligence may provide a vehicle for exploring the connections between emotions and cognitive task performance. The present study tested the hypotheses that a) individuals with higher emotional intelligence would perform better on cognitiv...

The past literature indicates that performance is disrupted for defensive pessimists by encouragement. The goals of this research were to replicate this phenomenon, and then examine the mechanisms underlying it. Specifically, does the encouragement alleviate the anxiety defensive pessimists harness, and thus leave them unmotivated, or does it increase the pressure to perform well and make them ...

Color is a ubiquitous perceptual experience, yet little scientific information about the influence of color on affect, cognition, and behavior is available. Accordingly, we have developed a general model of color and psychological functioning, which we present in this article. We also describe a hypothesis derived from this model regarding the influence of red in achievement contexts. In additi...

How can brain computation be so fast, flexible, and robust? What kinds of representational and organizational principles facilitate the biological brain to learn so efficiently and flexibly on the sub-second time scale and so reliably on the continuous lifetime scale? To understand these principles, we aimed to develop human-level machine learning technology that is fast, flexible, and reliable...

The present study compares the voice quality of female and male speech in two languages: Czech, a Slavic language, Danish, Germanic language. For both languages, results based on total 120 vocally healthy speakers are line with claim that females universally breathier than males. This was supported by Cepstral Peak Prominence (CPP) H1*-H2* measures, which generally known as most robust correlat...

This article explores the feedback individuals give, seek, and respond to in the course of pursuing their goals. We propose that positive feedback motivates goal pursuit when it signals an increase in goal commitment, whereas negative feedback motivates goal pursuit when it signals insufficient goal progress. We review research suggesting that whether individuals are drawn to evaluate their lev...

Prior exposure to a word is shown to improve its later identification in a brief, masked display when a free report task is used, but not in two-alternative forced choice or single-probe matching tasks that eliminate certain bias effects and provide an assessment of discriminability. Modified forced choice and single-probe tasks were also used, in which subjects attempted to identify the target...

Research distinguishes between a habitual, model-free system motivated toward immediately rewarding actions, and a goal-directed, model-based system motivated toward actions that improve future state. We examined the balance of processing in these two systems during state-based decision-making. We tested a regulatory fit hypothesis (Maddox & Markman, 2010) that predicts that global trait motiva...

Revenge is the natural human response to interpersonal transgressions. However, given the benefits of forgiveness, it is important to consider how forgiveness can be facilitated. Many factors have been shown to be associated with forgiveness, ranging from situational factors (e.g., perception of the transgression) to dispositional factors (e.g., personality traits). This study aims to extend re...

People are severely limited in the rate they can identify and report visual events presented in rapid succession. This has been the focus of research on the attentional blink (AB) which is a deficit in the ability to report a second target appearing within half a second of a correctly identified first target (T1). The AB may reflect limitations for consolidating visual stimuli into working memo...