background: over the years, the concept technology has modified, especially from the viewpoint of the development of scientific knowledge as well as the philosophical and artistic aspects. however, the concept of technology in nursing are still poorly understood. only small qualitative studies, especially in iran, have investigated this phenomenon and they just are about information technology....

tabriz petrochemical complex is located in northwest of iran and west of tabriz oil refinery and mostly produces raw plastics. in this study the implementation of reduction of hazardous waste contact in this complex with special emphasis on personal protective equipment (ppe) is discussed. accordingly different hazards threatening personnel, indoor and outdoor environment were determined. in or...

To illustrate these assumptions, let us consider a simple numerical example. Suppose a car is needed for three years; that is, suppose N = 3. At the beginning of the first year, we have a 2-year-old car. The annual cost of operating a car is a function of its age; and this cost function is given by: c(0) = 10, c(1) = 20, c(2) = 40, c(3) = 60, and c(4) = 70. The fact that these costs are increas...

Purpose This paper aims to overcome the inability of both comparing loss costs and accounting for production resource losses Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE)-related approaches. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted a literature review about studies focusing on approaches combining OEE with monetary units and/or issues. developed an approach based Cost Loss (OECL), introducing ...

Visualization of the larynx by direct or indirect means is referred to as laryngoscopy and is the principal aim during airway management for passage of a tracheal tube. This paper presents a brief background regarding the development and practice of laryngoscopy and examines the equipment and techniques for both direct and indirect methods. Patient evaluation during the airway examination is di...

In this study, an integrated structure of the air separation unit, natural gas liquids recovery equipped with nitrogen removal unit is developed. In this regard, advanced exergy and exergoeconomic analyses are used to examine the irreversibility, possible improvements and the cost of the inefficiencies of the process. The exergy analysis presents information on the origin of the irreversibility...

In the present economic context, the operating theater is considered as a critical activity in health care management. This paper describes a model for operating room (OR) planning under constraint of a unique equipment. At first level we schedule elective surgeries under the uncertainty of using a unique equipment. At the second level we consider emergency surgeries, and at the third le...

Many companies producing durable products, profit more from spares than the base parts. In a competitive and uncertain aftermarket, an Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) can benefit from Game Theory to manage spare parts inventories. We study the spare parts inventory game as an N-person non-zero-sum single-shot game where players play simultaneously. The game is restricted to a two-player (...