Pixelated liquid crystal displays have been widely used as spatial light modulators to implement programmable diffractive optical elements, particularly diffractive lenses. Many different applications of such components have been developed in information optics and optical processors that take advantage of their properties of great flexibility, easy and fast refreshment, and multiplexing capabi...

OFDM renders multipath channels with nite memory equivalent to parallel at fading subchannels, over which equalization amounts to simple phase compensation. If the channel status information is known at the transmitter side, optimal power loading across subchannels is possible. Users mobility, time and carrier asynchronism introduce variations in the equivalent channel impulse response setting ...

In this paper a new distributed time synchronization algorithm is proposed for lossy wireless sensor networks with noisy local clock readings and inter-node communications. The algorithm is derived in the form of two asynchronous recursions of stochastic gradient type providing estimates of the parameters used to compensate drifts and offsets of the local clocks. A special modification of the a...

The discrete-time optimal projection equations, which constitute necessary conditions for optimal reducedorder LQG compensation, are strengthened. For the class of minimal stabilizing compensators the strengthened discrete-time optimal projection equations are proved to be equivalent tofirst-order necessary optimality conditionsfor optimal reduced-order LQG compensation. The conventional discre...

In a flight controller, latency can be defined as the time delay between when the sensor data is collected and the corresponding control command is executed. Latency exists in all real world systems. Although its effects can be negligible under certain operating conditions, the time delay in a system can ultimately create an upper limit on the performance of a controller. The latency problem ha...

In order to research how to availably reduce the active power loss value in power grid system when the power system is operating, it offers a quantitative research in theory through conceiving the unbalanced losses of power grid system under the overloading bus as the investigative object, and establishing an active power loss mathematical model. It carries out online real-time optimal flow cal...

In portfolio selection, strategies on an efficient frontier have been regarded as nondominated solutions because of the compensation to each increase unit of risk, and a rational decision maker has to consider other supplementary decision rules. This paper proposes an approach that helps a rational decision maker identify the best candidate strategy on an efficient frontier by taking the concep...

Hybrid predictive/transform coding is studied. The usual formulation is to first apply a unitary transform and then code the transform coefficients with independent DPCM coders, i.e., the prediction is performed in the transform domain. This structure is compared to spatial domain prediction, where a difference. signal is formed in the spatial domain and then coded by a transform coder. A linea...

referring to responsible person by insurer after damage compensation is one of the important issues in insurance law. finding the jurisprudence basis of this reference regarding to islamic laws and jurisprudence sources is the objective of this article. subrogation with payment is rooted in french law and it is not stated in iranian law and its basis. according to an implicit condition in insur...

light is never being distributed homogeneously and it forms a gradient over biomass. the unidirectional nature of light gives rise to a vertical gradient of light intensity as a function of depth. the maximum depth of the light zone suitable for phytoplankton photosynthesis is designated as the euphotic depth. this study was designed to test the hypothesis of mixing depth of phytoplankton and i...