I examine the mutual relation between political regimes and economic development. An analysis of regime dynamics shows that while the paths to democracy are varied, once established for whatever reasons, democracies survive in developed countries. Contrary to long-standing arguments, political regimes do not affect the rate of investment and of the growth of total income. But since population g...

iran’s small and medium enterprises (smes) have been widely introduced in the market these days. in the emerging trend of electronic data interchange, iran’s political, economical and social issues have been diverted to a more aggressive approach to the world of e-commerce, that despite the shadowing issues of the past, iran already internalized the promising craft of e-commerce through various...

public diplomacy is an idiom that has been noticed increasingly in last decades due to extension of internet and satellite news networks. this type of diplomacy be used related to influence, guidance and mobilization of public opinion for the aims of governmental and non-governmental agents. in this article, the author tried to give analytical answer to this question: in spite of being newest, ...

the present study aimed to answer the question that qajar government as a political system was an authoritarian government? this study deals with the outcomes of qajar authoritarianism and the impact of effective historical-geographical conditions of iran on emergence or continuance of authoritarianism. authoritarianism in this study is not a one-dimensional structure and it is composed of some...

in spite of the fact that paradox as an unknown literary device has largely been ignored, it has been a source of amazement and, consequently, aesthetic joy due to deviation from norm, ambiguity, the saliency of meaning, and laconism. one of the subtle points receiving little attention in arabic literature, especially in nahjol balaghah, is the study of paradoxical elements. the most significan...

the ode “buka'iyya ila shams haziran” is considered as one of the critical and extreme poems of abd al-wahhab al-bayati, the significant contemporary arab literary figure (1999-1926). applying a simple language which is also vague in some aspects, the poem is allocated to presenting social and political conditions of arab countries and analyzing the reasons associated with 1967 june defeat. as ...

Although political participation can take many different forms within a democratic regime, there is no doubt that in one way or another the notion is central to the very idea of a democracy. It is difficult to find a piece of research reported in contemporary journals of political science that does not purport to describe some form of political participation: studies of the voter, the party act...

follower university students of imam khumaini reacted in 4/11/1979 and occupied the usa embassy in tehran in protest against the supporting of mohammad reza pahlavi by the usa to provide conspiracy like what happened as the coup in 18/8/1953 and interference of the spies and relation with the specious elements in iran to remove islamic republic of iran. the uas following the political failures,...

palestinian women have not only collaborated with men in issues such as social, political and cultural affairs but also in literary fields. they have even been pioneer in some fields. a number of senses of contemporary palestinian poetries have been considered by both genders which include different types of sentimental poetries such as ghazals and love poems. although ghazal has been among the...

the phenomenon of doubt (hesitation) in pre-islamic (jaheli) poetry is usually accompanied with plagiarism (entehal). plagiary is not limited to any special nation; rather, it is widespread. in literary works of many nations. mohammad ibn-e-sallam aljomahi and abdolmalik ibn-e- hesham are among the most prominent critics of plagiary. also , morgolious, one of the greatest orientalists, has crit...