The coding sequence at the boundaries of exons flanking nuclear introns shows some degree of conservation. To the extent that such sequences might be recognized by the splicing machinery, this conservation may be a derived result of evolution for efficient splicing. Alternatively, such conserved sequences might be remnants of proto-splice sites, which might have existed early in eukaryotic gene...

In this study, we test the assumption that sociocultural differences in use of health services will only occur below a certain level of illness severity. Data are derived from the Curaçao Health Study (n = 2248). Subjects' educational level and degree of proto-professionalization are used as indicators of their sociocultural background. Differences in the likelihood of seeking professional care...

Planet formation models begin with proto-embryos and planetesimals already fully formed, missing out a crucial step, the of planetesimals/proto-embryos. In this work, we include prescriptions for planetesimal proto-embryo arising from pebbles becoming trapped in short-lived pressure bumps, thermally evolving viscous discs to examine sizes distributions throughout disc. We find that increase orb...

Studies of low redshift galaxy clusters suggest the intra-cluster medium (ICM) has experienced non-gravitational heating during formation phase clusters. Using simple phenomenological prescriptions, we simulate effect this preheating nascent ICM in proto-clusters and examine its on Lyman-$\alpha$ (Ly$\alpha$) forest tomographic maps. We analyse a series cosmological zoom-in simulations within f...

Environment is one of the primary drivers galaxy evolution; via multiple mechanisms, it can control critical process transforming galaxies from star forming to quiescent, commonly termed “quenching”. Despite its importance, however, we still do not have a clear view how environmentally-driven quenching proceeds even in most extreme environments: clusters and their progenitor proto-clusters. Rec...

The zebrafish posterior lateral line (pLL) is a sensory system that comprises clusters of mechanosensory organs called neuromasts (NMs) that are stereotypically positioned along the surface of the trunk. The NMs are deposited by a migrating pLL primordium, which is organized into polarized rosettes (proto-NMs). During migration, mature proto-NMs are deposited from the trailing part of the primo...

We examine various physical processes associated with the formation of globular clusters by using the three-dimensional Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) code. Our code includes radiative cooling of gases, star formation, energy feedback from stars including stellar winds and supernovae, and chemical enrichment by stars. We assume that, in the collapsing galaxy, isothermal cold clouds form ...

An indispensable prerequisite for establishing a scenario of life emerging by natural processes is the requirement that the first simple proto-molecules could have had a realistic probability of self-assembly from random molecular polymers in the prebiotic world. The vestige of the proto-ribosome, which is believed to be still embedded in the contemporary ribosome, is used to assess the feasibi...

The first structures were proto-voids formed in the primordial plasma when viscous and weak turbulence forces balanced gravitational forces at the scale of causal connection LH ≡ ct ≈ LSV ≡ (γν/ρG) 1/2 ≈ LST ≡ ε /(ρG) at time t ≈ 30 000 years (10 s) the age of the universe, with c the speed of light, γ ≈ 1/t the rate of strain, ν the kinematic viscosity, and LSV and LST Gibson’s 1996 viscous an...