High intestinal sodium absorption is one mechanism of hypertension and constipation. The sodium-proton-exchanger subtype 3 (NHE3) is an important mediator of sodium absorption in the gut. SAR218034 (SAR) is an orally nonabsorbable specific NHE3 inhibitor. The effect of SAR (1 mg/kg per day in chow) on feces sodium excretion, systolic blood pressure via tail cuff, and gene expression of NHE3 in ...

The normal gut is adapted to intermittent feeding with complex macromolecular substrates of low sodium content. The high permeability of the upper small intestine to sodium, together with sodium rich saliva and pancreaticobiliary secretions results in large sodium fluxes into the lumen. These substantial sodium influxes are matched by equally large effluxes from the ileum and proximal colon, wh...

There is compelling evidence that the presence of actively transported sugars or amino acids in the mucosal solution increases sodium absorption and the transmural electrical potential difference across a variety of in vitro and in vivo preparations of small intestine. The mechanism(s) underlying these effects is, however, unsettled. One possibility invokes a direct interaction between sodium a...

the present study deals with development of a floating in-situ gel of the narrow absorption window drug baclofen. sodium alginate-based in-situ gelling systems were prepared by dissolving various concentrations of sodium alginate in deionized water, to which varying concentrations of drug and calcium bicarbonate were added. fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ftir) and differential scannin...

analytical results of 11 groundwater samples are used to evaluate the quality of groundwater in the hastijan area, (central province –iran). the main indices of water, ions physicochemical characteristics and the important heavy metals concentration studied. to estimate of water quality, piper, ghibbs, schoeller and wilcox diagrams, sodium absorption ratio, color-alkalinity and saturation index...

Introduction: Micro perforated panel (MPP) absorbents promise the next generation of sound absorbers as they have significant advantages over other porous adsorbents. In this study, we will investigate the acoustic performance of MPP absorbents made of biodegradable polylactic acid composite reinforced with natural corkwood fibers (PLA/Corkwood) by 3D printing technology. Material and Methods:...

Studies have shown that glucose is able to decrease the pH of the surface epithelium jejunal preparations when added in vitro and the existence of a high concentration of protons in the immediate area of the mucosa could be of considerable significance for absorption of electrolytes. The aim of this study is to assess whether the change in pH of Tyrode (solution used for perfusion of the jejunu...

Sterol metabolism studies using a combination of isotopic and chromatographic procedures were carried out in rats fed either a low-cholesterol stock diet or a stock diet containing 0.1% cholesterol. The primary bile acids, sodium taurochenodeoxycholate and sodium taurocholate, were added to the stock diets at a level of 0.5%, as required. Feeding sodium taurochenodeoxycholate and sodium tauroch...