in recent decades, since increasing the competition betweenorganizations for developing products and services, creating anddeveloping modern technologies has been strongly growing. in suchcircumstances, the main challenge of organizations is development oracquisition of the right technology in respect of the organizational goals.thus, this study intends to present a scale for evaluating communi...

iranian pistachio is one of the strategic crops within most agricultural commodities having the highest income from exports for the country and a significant share of the country's non-oil exports but the marketing and packaging technologies for this crop are at a low level in comparison with competing countries like usa. in recent years the rate of production and its exports have decreased dra...

The field of assisted reproduction is renowned for its remarkable advances and constant pushing forward of research boundaries in an effort to offer innovative and effective methods for enhancing fertility. Accompanying these advances, however, are physiological, psychological, and bioethical consequences that must be considered. These concomitant advances and consequences make assisted reprodu...

Although the presence of spermatozoa with an abnormally large head is rare, it is associated with low fertility or even total infertility. We reviewed the literature on assisted reproductive technology (ART) strategies and outcomes for men with large-headed spermatozoa. We also discuss additional analyses that can usefully characterize sperm defects and help with the choice between intra-couple...

This paper compares the effects that the OBRA93 expansion of the EITC had on the labor force participation of single mothers with two or more children to those on single mothers with only one child. The structure of this expansion allows us to treat it as a natural experiment using difference-indifference techniques. In particular, the difference in the change in labor force participation of si...

Micro-analytic research on intuitive parenting behaviors has shed light on the temporal dynamics of parent and child interactions. Observations have shown that parents possess remarkable implicit communicative abilities allowing them to adapt to the clues infants give and therefore stimulate the development of many of the infants' abilities, such as communication skills. This work focused on ob...

OBJECTIVE To compare life satisfaction between women with successful or unsuccessful outcome after assisted reproductive treatment (ART) by taking into account the time since the last ART. DESIGN Cohort study. SETTING Tertiary hospital. PATIENTS A total of 987 consecutive women who had undergone ART during 1996-2007 were invited and altogether 505 women participated in the study. INTERV...

781 National Tax Journal Vol. LIX, No. 4 December 2006 Abstract We examine the effect of the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) on labor supply, comparing outcomes in Wisconsin, which supplements the federal EITC for families with three children, to outcomes in states that do not supplement the federal EITC. Relative to previous studies, our cross–state comparison examines a larger difference in E...

Although privacy is often seen as an essential right for internet users, the provision of anonymity can also provide the ultimate cover for malicious users. Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PETs) should not only hide the identity of legitimate users but also provide means by which evidence of malicious activity can be gathered. This paper proposes a forensic investigation technique, which can be...

OBJECTIVE To provide an in-depth analysis of offspring attitudes toward their means of conception and the practice of sperm donation in the United States. DESIGN Survey-based study using a 46-item questionnaire. PATIENT(S) Eighty-five adult offspring of sperm donation. INTERVENTION(S) Participants were recruited through an Internet-based support group for adults conceived through sperm do...