Effects of tilt of the gravito-inertial acceleration vector on the angular vestibuloocular reflex during centrifugation. Interaction of the horizontal linear and angular vestibuloocular reflexes (lVOR and aVOR) was studied in rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys during centered rotation and off-center rotation at a constant velocity (centrifugation). During centered rotation, the eye velocity vector w...

This article investigates the problem of manipula-tor design for increased dynamic performance. Optimization techniques are used to determine the design parameters which improve manipulator performance. The dynamic performance of a manipulator is characterized by the inertial and acceleration properties of the end-eeector. Our study of inertial and acceleration properties have provided separate...

This article presents two methods for selecting actuators based on the dynamic loading criteria which yield a manipulator with a desired level of dynamic performance. Here, dynamic performance is measured in terms of a robot’s acceleration and force capabilities, which describe its ability to accelerate the end-effector and to apply forces to the environment, given the limitations on its actuat...

Gain of the vestibuloocular reflex (VOR) not only varies with target distance and rotational axis, but can be chronically modified in response to prolonged wearing of head-mounted magnifiers. This study examined the effect of adaptation to telescopic spectacles on the variation of the VOR with changes in target distance and yaw rotational axis for head velocity transients having peak accelerati...

We study the spin-down of a neutron star atmosphere during the Type I X-ray burst in low mass X-ray binaries. Using polar cap acceleration models, we show that the resulting stellar “wind” torque on the burning shell due to the flowing charged particles (electrons, protons and ions) from the star’s polar caps may change the shell’s angular momentum during the burst. We conclude that the net cha...

The purpose of this study was to determine how linear and rotational accelerations affected the location of high strain areas in the brain. Acceleration pulses obtained from instrumented football helmets were used as the input to the SIMon finite element model (FEM) of the brain. The acceleration pulses used for this study were isolated from a dataset that included 1,712 impacts recorded during...

Diffusion MRI (dMRI) provides the ability to reconstruct neuronal fibers in the brain, in vivo, by measuring water diffusion along angular gradient directions in q-space. High angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) can produce better estimates of fiber orientation than the popularly used diffusion tensor imaging, but the high number of samples needed to estimate diffusivity requires lengt...

Development of an optical sensor for measuring overall direction-of-action is treated. The measurement principle is based on distortions found in the projected image of a ball moving freely in a spherical vessel under the influence of the acceleration of gravity and motion. The measurement is carried out in a static condition. Thus, the sensor output stands for the direction of the gravitationa...

The Cymanus is a novel flex sensor glove for measuring hand kinematics in primates. It was used to monitor 9 joints of a rhesus macaque performing a grasping task with 25 objects. Over 6 days, the monkey tolerated the glove and showed no significant impairment in performance. The sensors linearly tracked joint angles, with joint trajectories preserved over days. Angular positions discriminated ...

OBJECT Falls are the most common accident scenario in young children as well as the most common history provided in child abuse cases. Understanding the biomechanics of falls provides clinicians with objective data to aid in their diagnosis of accidental or inflicted trauma. The objective of this study was to determine impact forces and angular accelerations associated with low-height falls in ...