Lesotho has the third highest prevalence of HIV in the world with an estimated 23% of the adult population infected. At least 70% of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) have presented with oral manifestation of HIV as the first sign of the disease. Oral health workers regularly encounter patients presenting with oral lesions associated with HIV disease and therefore need to have adequate knowle...

Iron is an essential nutrient that functions as a cofactor for cellular enzymatic redox reactions. Hosts and pathogens compete over iron survival. Previous studies have implicated the skin unique site homeostasis major contributing source to excretion from body: Primary human keratinocytes store ferritin function of exogenous addition, with modulation their differentiation. Wildtype mice subjec...

Contributors: 1Senior Lecturer, Department of Prosthodontics, Saraswati Dental College & Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India; 2Reader, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saraswati Dental College & Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India; 3Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Saraswati Dental College & Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India; 4Professor, De...

Calendula officinalis L., a member of the Asteraceae family, is often known as English Marigold or Pot Marigold. an annual perennial herb traditionally used to treat wounds, ulcers, herpes, scars, skin damage, frostbite, and blood purification. It mainly disorders anti-diabetic, anti-ulcer, anti-inflammatory, analgesic activity because its numerous biological properties. This plant has high con...

Background. Pemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune blistering disease affecting the mucous membrane and skin. In 50 to 70% of cases, the initial manifestations of pemphigus vulgaris are oral lesions which may be followed by skin lesions. But it is unusual for the disease to present with initial and solitary persistent lower lip lesions without progression to any other location. Main Observations. ...

A 39-year-old woman presented with a 5-month history of painless, nonitching swelling of the upper lip (Figure 1). In addition, she had a symptomless lingua plicata. A biopsy specimen revealed cheilitis with edema and perivascular lymphohistiocytic infiltrates (Figure 2) pointing to an early stage of cheilitis granulomatosa (CG). There was no neurologic abnormality such as facial palsy. Also, t...

Granulomatous cheilitis (GC) is a poorly understood disease process belonging to the larger group of orofacial granulomatosis. The treatment of GC has proven exceedingly difficult. While various treatments have been applied to GC, there has been no uniform or predictably successful model demonstrated in the literature. Poor understanding of the aetiological mechanisms underpinning GC has signif...

Cheilitis glandularis (CG) is a rare benign affection of the lip mucosa. The etiology and pathogenesis of CG are unknown. Surgical measures are the leading therapeutic options to treat CG. This case report on a 55-year-old female illustrates the recurrent affection of the lips over several years and local therapy. Furthermore, the study of the resected glands intends to differentiate the lesion...