Land seismic data often shows large variations in energy from one trace to the next. Localized noise bursts or changes in signal to noise ratio in a shot gather, for instance where the receiver spread nears a road or machinery, are not uncommon problems. Also, geophones may be poorly coupled in an area, because of surface conditions or simply having been kicked loose. Claerbout (1994) points ou...

Let R be a non-domain commutative ring with identity and A(R) be theset of non-zero ideals with non-zero annihilators. We call an ideal I of R, anannihilating-ideal if there exists a non-zero ideal J of R such that IJ = (0).The annihilating-ideal graph of R is defined as the graph AG(R) with the vertexset A(R) and two distinct vertices I and J are adjacent if and only if IJ =(0). In this paper,...

Boolean functions with high algebraic immunity are important cryptographic primitives in some stream ciphers. In this paper, two methodologies for constructing minimal binary codes from sets, and vectorial immunity, proposed. More precisely, a general construction of new using contained Reed-Muller sets without nonzero low degree annihilators is presented. The other allows us to yield certain s...

It is shown that there a close relationship between ideal extensions of rings and trusses, is, sets with semigroup operation distributing over ternary abelian heap operation. Specifically, truss can be associated to every element an extension ring projects down idempotent in the extending ring; weak equivalence yields isomorphism corresponding trusses. Furthermore, classes by integers are one-t...

It has been noted recently that algebraic (annihilator) immunity alone does not provide sufficient resistance against algebraic attacks. In this regard, given a Boolean function f , just checking the minimum degree annihilators of f, 1 + f is not enough and one should check the relationships of the form fg = h, and a function f , even if it has very good algebraic immunity, is not necessarily g...