The widespread use of neonicotinoid insecticides and recent increased regulatory scrutiny requires the generation of monitoring data with sufficient scope and resolution to provide decision makers with a better understanding of occurrence and distribution in the environment. This study presents a wide-scale investigation of neonicotinoid insecticides used across the range of agricultural activi...

Sex allocation theory has proved to be one the most successful theories in evolutionary ecology. However, its role in more applied aspects of ecology has been limited. Here we show how sex allocation theory helps uncover an otherwise hidden cost of neonicotinoid exposure in the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis. Female N. vitripennis allocate the sex of their offspring in line with Local Mate...

Neonicotinoids are considered safe because of their low affinities to mammalian nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) relative to insect nAChRs. However, because of importance of nAChRs in mammalian brain development, there remains a need to establish the safety of chronic neonicotinoid exposures with regards to children's health. Here we examined the effects of longterm (14 days) and low ...

Neonicotinoids are now the third most abundantly used insecticides worldwide and account for over 80% of the seed treatment market. They are used for pest management on hundreds of crops in agriculture, horticulture, and forestry. Neonicotinoids are also used to control insect pests in pets such as dogs, as well as in livestock and in aquaculture. These insecticides are registered for use in ov...

Flupyradifurone, a novel butenolide insecticide, selectively targets insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), comparable to structurally different insecticidal chemotypes such as neonicotinoids and sulfoximines. However, flupyradifurone was shown in acute toxicity tests be several orders of magnitude less toxic western honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) than many other insecticides targeti...

Neonicotinoids are potent agonists of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors that exert insecticidal effects by causing abnormal excitation the nervous system. and their metabolites effect in mammals, including humans, have become a concern. In present study, we evaluated chronic exposure two neonicotinoids, acetamiprid (ACE) clothianidin (CTD), on Caenorhabditis elegans. We used 1, 10, 100, 1000 µM...

malaria has recently been resurged in some parts of iran which is bordered with armenia, naxcivan and turkey. an attempt was made to asses the current status of insecticide resistance in the main malaria vector , an.sacharovi. adult engorged mosquitoes were collected from dwellings during the seasonal activity of the vector, which is synchronized in summer 2001. mosquitoes were subjected to the...