Dissociative amnesia is a condition usually characterized by severely impaired retrograde memory functioning in the absence of structural brain damage. Recent case studies nevertheless found functional brain changes in patients suffering from autobiographical-episodic memory loss in the cause of dissociative amnesia. Functional changes were demonstrated in both resting state and memory retrieva...

BR-16A is an herbal (non allopathic) medication used in India to enhance cognition. In experiment 1, 28 Wistar rats received either BR-16A (200 mg/kg/day) or vehicle alone for 3 weeks. During the third week, the rats were tested for learning in the Hebb Williams complex maze. BR-16A-treated rats showed significantly better learning than did controls. Experiment 2 was conducted identically excep...

The anterior thalamic nuclei (ATN), a central component of Papez' circuit, are generally assumed to be key constituents of the neural circuits responsible for certain categories of learning and memory. Supporting evidence for this contention is that damage to either of two brain regions, the medial temporal lobe and the medial diencephalon, is most consistently associated with anterograde amnes...

A 55-year-old diabetic man presented with coma for 2 days. Neurologic examination did not reveal any lateralizing signs and moderate hypoglycemia (43 mg/dL) was noted. Under the assumption of hypoglycemic coma, 50% dextrose solution of 50 mL was given IV, which normalized his mental status. Brain MRI showed high signal intensity lesions in the bilateral hippocampi from CA1 to CA3 areas (figure)...

OBJECTIVE The current study examines the demographics, injury characteristics, and outcomes associated with the presence of postconcussion amnesia in young concussion clinic patients. DESIGN Cross-sectional, retrospective clinical cohort. SETTING Concussion services clinic. PATIENTS Pediatric and adolescent concussion services program patients, presenting within 10 days postinjury, aged 1...

the present case report introduces a patient with fluent aphasia, anterograde amnesia and anosmia due to herpes simplex encephalitis after her first delivery. the left medial temporal lobe was one of the main areas involved. on aphasia testing she showed severe anomia on both confrontation and free recall, agraphia, alexia, repetition disorder and some auditory comprehension impairments. therap...

Patients with focal diencephalic, temporal lobe, or frontal lobe lesions were examined on various measures of remote memory. Korsakoff patients showed a severe impairment with a characteristic 'temporal gradient', whereas two patients with focal diencephalic damage (and anterograde amnesia) were virtually unimpaired on remote memory measures. Patients with frontal lobe pathology were severely i...

Alprazolam is used as an anxiolytic drug for generalized anxiety disorder and it has been reported to produce sedation and anterograde amnesia. In the current study, we randomly divided 26 healthy male volunteers into two groups: one group taking alprazolam 0.5 mg and the other taking placebo daily for two weeks. We utilized the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) softw...

Lorazepam has been studied as preanaesthetic medication given by mouth, i.m. and i.v. Sediation and side-effects and the incidence of anterograde amnesia in patients having a standard operation under methohexitone-nitrous oxide-oxygen anaesthesia were assessed. In a preliminary study of three i.m. (2-, 4- and 8-mg) and six oral (1-,2-,2.5-,4-,5- and 8-mg) doses, the optimum dose was found to be...

A series of twelve cases, all of whom had received surgery for the removal of a colloid cyst in the third ventricle, was examined on a series of memory tests. The only consistent predictor of poor memory performance that could be detected from MRIs was the presence of bilateral interruption of the fornix, which occurred in three of the subjects. Although these three cases were poor on tests of ...