Tap water, demineralized water and liquid fertilizer have been activated using an atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) to investigate their benefits for the germination rate and stem elongation rate of lentils from Puy-en-Velay (France). By plasma-activating tap water, we have obtained germination rates as high as 80% (instead of 30% with tap water). Also, higher stem elongation rates and fin...

Improving winter wheat grain yield and water use efficiency (WUE) with minimum irrigation is very important for ensuring agricultural and ecological sustainability in the Northern China Plain (NCP). A three-year field experiment was conducted to determine how single irrigation can improve grain yield and WUE by manipulating the "sink-source" relationships. To achieve this, no-irrigation after s...

Xyloglucan is a key polymer in the walls of growing plant cells. Using split pea stem segments and stem segments from which the epidermis had been peeled off, we demonstrate that the integration of xyloglucan mediated by the action of wall-bound xyloglucan endotransglycosylase suppressed cell elongation, whereas that of its fragment oligosaccharide accelerated it. Whole xyloglucan was incorpora...

in order to study grain yield, yield components and growth indices in wheat, the experiment was carried out with five wheat cultivars at rbcd arrangement with 4 replications at gorgan university of agricultural sciences and natural resources. the cultivars included zagros, tajan, kohdasht, durum and n81-18 line. to measure studied traits (leaf, stem and shoot dried weight and leaf area) fifteen...

Plant fibres-cells with important mechanical functions and a widely used raw material-are usually identified in microscopic sections only after reaching a significant length or after developing a thickened cell wall. We characterized the early developmental stages of hemp (Cannabis sativa) stem phloem fibres, both primary (originating from the procambium) and secondary (originating in the cambi...

Initiator tRNAs are used exclusively for initiation of protein synthesis and not for the elongation step. We show, in vivo and in vitro, that the primary sequence feature that prevents the human initiator tRNA from acting in the elongation step is the nature of base pairs 50:64 and 51:63 in the TpsiC stem of the initiator tRNA. Various considerations suggest that this is due to sequence-depende...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Accurately representing development is essential for applying crop simulations to investigate the effects of climate, genotypes or crop management. Development in wheat (Triticum aestivum, T. durum) is primarily driven by temperature, but affected by vernalization and photoperiod, and is often simulated by reducing thermal-time accumulation using vernalization or photoperiod...

the responses of yield and yield components of 24 advanced bread wheat genotypes to pre- and post-anthesis drought stress conditions were studied at ardabil agricultural re-search station during the 1997-2000 cropping seasons. results showed that genotypes produced significantly lower spikes no./m2, seeds no./spike and grain yield under pre- than in post-anthesis drought stress conditions. howe...

The stems and leaves of the Dolichos biflorus plant contain a lectin that cross-reacts with antiserum against the seed lectin. This cross-reactive material (CRM) was followed during early seedling growth, stem elongation, and seed development using a specific radioimmunoassay.No CRM was detected in developing seeds, but very low levels were found in dormant and imbibed seeds. As germination pro...

Two-year-old branches on control trees (Pinus strobus L.) were compared through a season with branches on trees stem-girdled just above, or below, the branch whorl. All branches first sagged down for 20 days and then moved up for 40 days. Then, control branches reversed and moved back down while branches in both girdle treatments continued to move up. Movement reversal correlated with cessation...