The chemical composition of essential oils isolated from the leaves of Cosmos bipinnatus and its antibacterial activity were analyzed by GC-MS and microbroth dilution assay respectively. The essential oil extracted from this plant was predominantly composed of monoterpenes (69.62%) and sesquiterpenes (22.73%). The antibacterial assay showed that the oil had significant inhibitory effects agains...

To win the battle against resistant, pathogenic bacteria, novel classes of anti-infectives and targets are urgently needed. Bacterial uptake, distribution, metabolic efflux pathways antibiotics in Gram-negative bacteria determine what we here refer to as bacterial bioavailability. Understanding these mechanisms from a chemical perspective is essential for anti-infective activity hence, drug dis...

Mammalian cells deploy autophagy to defend their cytosol against bacterial invaders. Anti-bacterial autophagy relies on the core autophagy machinery, cargo receptors, and "eat-me" signals such as galectin-8 and ubiquitin that label bacteria as autophagy cargo. Anti-bacterial autophagy also requires the kinase TBK1, whose role in autophagy has remained enigmatic. Here we show that recruitment of...

This study explores the methodology of various experimental vaccines and their immunogenicity outcome in detail. The idea is to give to the reader a picture of the research methodology behind vaccine development that was used in this research. The novelty of this study bases on the demonstration of the cause and effect of antibodies produced against bacterial and viral proteins (immunogens) as ...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an anti-flagellin sub-type monoclonal antibody (anti-fla-a) on Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in a mouse burn model and to assay bacterial dissemination and invasiveness. METHODS After immediate post-burn infection with P. aeruginosa, mortality and morbidity (daily weight changes) were monitored in mice treated with anti-fla-a a...

We define the target, mechanism, and structural basis of inhibition of bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) by the tetramic acid antibiotic streptolydigin (Stl). Stl binds to a site adjacent to but not overlapping the RNAP active center and stabilizes an RNAP-active-center conformational state with a straight-bridge helix. The results provide direct support for the proposals that alternative straigh...

The antibacterial activity of the methanol extract of Wedelia chinensis leave was studied and tested against three pathogenic Gram positive bacteria (Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis and Stapylococcus aureus) and three pathogenic Gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Proteus rettgeri and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) by the disk diffusion assay and broth dilution methods. The extract exhibited favour...

Cinnamon has been used for neuralgia on the knees and waist, and it is shown to have a wide antibacterial spectrum in both Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria. In this study, glucosyltransferase adhesive ability, acid-production suppression effect, and antibacterial activity were measured to identify the anti-caries effect of cinnamon extract. It was shown that cinnamon extract ef...