Cosmos caudatus (Asteraceae), is known as Ulam raja in Malaysia or kenikir Indonesia also sometimes referred to “King’s salad.” It usually consumed a salad and the leaves have been widely used traditional medicine due their pharmacological activities beneficial effects on human health. The reported contain several phytoconstituents such flavonoids derivatives, other phenolics, essential oil, wh...

visceral leishmaniasis (vl) is a sever disease that is prevalent in iran. we report a case of vl in a 3.5 year-old boy. prolonged fever, chill, abdominal distention, and weight loss were important symptoms. blood count showed pancytopenia and hypohemoglobinemia. specific anti-leishmanial antibodies were detected by serological test (ifat, dat) but no leishman body was observed in bone marrow. h...

: Bismuth compounds have been used extensively as medicines and in particular for the treatment of gastrointestinal ailments. In addition to bismuth's well known gastroprotective effects and efficacy in treating H. pylori infection it also has broad anti-microbial, anti-leishmanial and anti-cancer properties. Aspects of the biological chemistry of bismuth are discussed and biomolecular targets ...

Biopterin is required for growth of the protozoan parasite Leishmania and is salvaged from the host through the activities of a novel biopterin transporter (BT1) and broad-spectrum pteridine reductase (PTR1). Here we characterize Leishmania major quinonoid-dihydropteridine reductase (LmQDPR), the key enzyme required for regeneration and maintenance of H(4)biopterin pools. LmQDPR shows good homo...

Previously, we showed Leishmania donovani Ufm1 has a Gly residue conserved at the C-terminal region with a unique 17 amino acid residue extension that must be processed prior to conjugation to target proteins. In this report, we describe for the first time the isolation and characterization of the Leishmania Ufm1-specific protease Ufsp. Biochemical analysis of L. donovani Ufsp showed that this ...