Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are widely used antihyperglycemic agents for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recently, increasing attention has been focused on the pleiotropic actions of DPP-4 inhibitors. The aim of the present study was to examine whether gemigliptin, a recently developed DPP-4 inhibitor, could ameliorate features of metabolic syndrome. Mice were fed a Western diet (WD) fo...

This study was designed to identify some bioactive phytochemicals from ethanolic extract of roots of Litsea polyantha and to evaluate some of its pharmacological activities. Phytochemical tests indicated the presence of reducing sugar, combined reducing sugar, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and phenol. In the antioxidant assay using 2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical ...

Eclipta alba, an indigenous medicinal plant, has a folk (Siddha and Ayurvedha) reputation in rural southern India as a hypoglycemic agent. In order to confirm this claim, the present study was carried out to evaluate the antihyperglycemic effect of E. alba and to study the activities of liver hexokinase and gluconeogenic enzymes such as glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase in t...

Diabetes mellitus has been treated orally with herbal remedies based on folk medicine since ancient times. Embelia ribes burm (Myrsinaceae), known commonly as vidanga, was used in Ayurveda for its anthelmintic activity. Ayurveda describes vidanga as pungent, causes increase in digestive fire, and cures flatulence and colic. A single study reported the antihyperglycemic activity of decoction of ...

Diabetes mellitus type 2(T2DM) is a multifactorial metabolic disease characterized by abnormalities at multiple organ sites. In T2DM, the disturbances in lipid profiles, especially increased susceptibility to lipid peroxidation leads to atherosclerosis due to increased oxidation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and impaired vascular function. In patients with T2DM, besides controlling blood pr...

Bile sequestrants have been used for almost 50 years to lower low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). The advent of colesevelam in 2000 provided a more tolerable add-on LDL-C-lowering agent with an excellent safety record and with likely benefit for coronary heart disease events. Colesevelam lowers LDL-C approximately 15%, and has an additive effect when combined with statin or non-statin ...

AIMS Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog promotes insulin secretion by acting on pancreatic β-cells. This antihyperglycemic treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) has attracted increased clinical attention not only for its antihyperglycemic action but also for its potential extrapancreatic effects. We investigated whether liraglutide, a GLP-1 analog, could enhance insulin sensitivity as...

Metformin is widely prescribed as a first-choice antihyperglycemic drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and recent epidemiological studies showed its utility also in cancer therapy. Although it is in use since the 1970s, its molecular target, either for antihyperglycemic or antineoplastic action, remains elusive. However, the body of the research on metformin effect oscillates around...