Interesting information and Meta-information about software systems can be extracted by analyzing their evolution histories. This information has been proved useful for understanding software evolution, predicting future changes, and performing an efficient change impact analysis. A rich source code repository is a prerequisite for a high quality evolution analysis. Nonetheless, the evolutionar...

Motivation: The expression of a gene can be selectively inhibited by antisense oligonucleotides (AOs) targeting the mRNA. However, if the target site in the mRNA is picked randomly, typically 20% or less of the AOs are effective inhibitors in vivo. The sequence properties that make an AO effective are not well understood, thus many AOs need to be tested to find good inhibitors, which is time co...

The relationships between the natural variability and CO2-induced response over the Pacific region are investigated in terms of the spatial anomaly pattern of SST, sea level pressure and precipitation by a multi-model intercomparison analysis, based on the 18-model results contributing to the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report. The analysis indicates that the CO2-induced response pattern is related ...

MOTIVATION The expression of a gene can be selectively inhibited by antisense oligonucleotides (AOs) targeting the mRNA. However, if the target site in the mRNA is picked randomly, typically 20% or less of the AOs are effective inhibitors in vivo. The sequence properties that make an AO effective are not well understood, thus many AOs need to be tested to find good inhibitors, which is time con...

PURPOSE To evaluate glomerular injury in the rat model during renal warm ischemia (WI), comparing artery and vein (AV) clamping with artery only (AO) clamping. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four adult male rats underwent 60 minutes of renal WI in the left kidney. The animals were divided into three groups: AV clamping, AO clamping, and Sham surgery. After 30 days, the animals were euthanized, ...

When increasing the complexity of software systems new techniques allowing for their adequate manipulation are required. In the last ten years, AOSD has been proposed to manage the systems complexity by considering concepts of AO programming extended along the software life cycle. The suitability of the existence of an AO architectural design appears when AO concepts are extended to the whole l...

The efficiency of optimization in fuzzy c-means clustering is investigated. Numerous, powerful, general-purpose simultaneous optimization (SO) methods, and hybrid methods combining these and the most widely used alternating optimization (AO) method, are extensively tested for speed comparison. AO is clearly the best and simplest of the methods we tested when used on data sets of small or modera...

We ask whether dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and phosphorus (DOP) could account for previously identified Arctic Ocean (AO) inorganic nutrient budget imbalances. We assess transports to/from the AO by calculating indicative budgets. Marked DON:DOP ratio differences between the Amerasian and Eurasian AO reflect different physical and biogeochemical pathways. DON and DOP are exported to the No...

BACKGROUND Age at onset (AO) in Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) is closely associated with the length of the CAG repeat at the mutant ATXN3 allele, but there are other intervening factors. Experimental evidence indicates that the normal ATXN3 allele and the C-terminal heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70)-interacting protein (CHIP) may be genetic modifiers of AO in MJD. METHODS To investigate this hypot...

BACKGROUND In this study, the authors conducted an alveolar osteitis (AO) risk assessment and global sensitivity meta-analysis within populations using oral contraceptives (OCs). Sex, smoking, and timing within the menstrual cycle were considered as factors. TYPES OF STUDIES REVIEWED Eligibility criteria for inclusion of a study in the meta-analysis were experimental or medical record survey ...