Dental preparation sometimes causes transient congestion, edema, and necrosis of the pulp. We hypothesized that nitric oxide (NO) is involved in the pathophysiological changes in pulp after preparation. The mRNA and protein expression of the inducible isoform of NO synthase (iNOS) was examined in murine pulp after dental preparation. The effects of NO on the proliferation, mineralization, and a...

In the past several years, concern about the presence of arsenic (As) in apple juice has grown greatly due to its publicity in the popular media. Arsenic can enter apple juice either naturally through environmental uptake by the apple trees or anthropogenically through the use of pesticides and/or contamination during processing. Regardless of how it enters the juice, the presence of arsenic is...

ABSTRACT The impact of Brassica napus seed meal on the microbial complex that incites apple replant disease was evaluated in greenhouse trials. Regardless of glucosinolate content, seed meal amendment at a rate of 0.1% (vol/vol) significantly enhanced growth of apple and suppressed apple root infection by Rhizoctonia spp. and Pratylenchus penetrans. High glucosinolate B. napus cv. Dwarf Essex s...

One of the greatest challenges in sustainable agricultural production is managing ecosystem services, such as pollination, in ways that maximize crop yields. Most efforts to increase services by wild pollinators focus on management of natural habitats surrounding farms or non-crop habitats within farms. However, mass flowering crops create resource pulses that may be important determinants of p...

Apples ( MALUS sp., Rosaceae) are a rich source of nutrient as well as non-nutrient components and contain high levels of polyphenols and other phytochemicals. Main structural classes of apple constituents include hydroxycinnamic acids, dihydrochalcones, flavonols (quercetin glycosides), catechins and oligomeric procyanidins, as well as triterpenoids in apple peel and anthocyanins in red apples...

Creating new apple cultivars largely depends on the availability of sufficient genetic diversity, while apple breeding has eroded in time the genetic base of domestic cultivars. The possibility to induce and exploit useful variability for selecting hybrids resistant to apple scab and powdery mildew attack was evaluated in interspecific descendants derived from five wild apple species (Malus cor...

AIM To review the literature on pulp chamber and root canal obliteration in anterior teeth and to establish a clear protocol for managing teeth with fine, tortuous canal systems. SUMMARY Pulp canal obliteration (PCO) occurs commonly following traumatic injuries to teeth. Approximately 4-24% of traumatized teeth develop varying degrees of pulpal obliteration that is characterized by the appare...

BACKGROUND Pulp stones (PS) are discrete calcified masses found in the dental pulp, in the pulp tissue or become attached to or embedded into the dentine. The formation of pulp stones is still something of an enigma, leading to existence of some epidemiological gaps. AIM To determine the prevalence and distribution of pulp stones in posterior tooth group by using panoramic radiograph. MATER...

The effect of different concentrations of sugar solution (hypertonic) (30%, 45% and 60% w/v) and carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) (0%, 1% and 2% w/v) coating on freeze drying of apple slices was studied. In total, nine treatments with respect to concentrations of hypertonic solution and coating layer were prepared to analyze their influence on the physical and chemical properties of freeze dried...

• If the pulp chamber of a tooth is penetrated, either by dental caries, or by a dental drill, inflammation and eventual death of the pulp tissue usually follows. While a long interval may elapse before degeneration is complete, necrosis is an almost inevitable consequence of pulpal penetration. A current explanation in the dental literature for this phenomenon is as follows. The application of...