PURPOSE This study describes the typical case of problem-based learning (PBL) application at the Faculty of Medicine of the Université de Montréal and its analysis from the perspective of situated cognition. METHOD I used a typical case study to determine the general model of PBL application and performed my analysis by a global processing of information, against to the conceptual model of si...

Autonomous helicopter flight is widely regarded to be a highly challenging control problem. Despite this fact, human experts can reliably fly helicopters through a wide range of maneuvers, including aerobatic maneuvers at the edge of the helicopter’s capabilities. We present apprenticeship learning algorithms, which leverage expert demonstrations to efficiently learn good controllers for tasks ...

Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) is the problem of learning the reward function underlying a Markov Decision Process given the dynamics of the system and the behaviour of an expert. IRL is motivated by situations where knowledge of the rewards is a goal by itself (as in preference elicitation) and by the task of apprenticeship learning (learning policies from an expert). In this paper we sh...

Article Type: Article of theoretical or empirical imp. Abstract: This paper explores the concept of apprenticeship in the context of the professional formation of knowledge workers. It draws on evidence from research conducted in two knowledge intensive organizations: a research-intensive, elite university; and a 'cutting edge' software engineering company. In the former, we investigated the le...

Prior research on stressful events has largely ignored their potential impact on motivational processes. This study prospectively examined the association of a stressful event with control strivings in the school-to-work transition. Five waves of data on stressful events, control strategies, and potential mediating variables were collected from an adolescent sample in Berlin (N = 420) during th...

A principal specifies time paths of knowledge transfer, effort provision, and task allocation for a cash-constrained apprentice, who is free to walk away at any time. In the optimal contract the apprentice pays for training by working for low or no wages and by working ineffi ciently hard. The apprentice can work on both knowledge-complementary and knowledge-independent tasks. We study how the ...

The American Board of Medical Specialties has recently recognized palliative medicine as a new subspecialty. Family Medicine was one of 10 specialty boards cosponsoring this certification process. The role of the family physician has many parallels in the care of pregnant and dying patients. The family physician that has provided maternity care can apply his or her experiences to their care of ...