Innovative Access Structures in Mobile Dictionaries. The access structure of any dictionary is an important one. It provides the user with a means to obtain required data or extract valuable information. This mostly overlaps other structures such as macro-, micro- and mediostructure, which turn creates different routes can follow try satisfy his her lexicographic needs. In printed dictionaries,...

Dictionaries are an integral part of language learning process to fulfill learners’ linguistic and academic needs. Recently, COVID-19 pandemic has had many effects on students’ life styles, forcing them switch electronic during lockdown restrictions. As a result, Internet-based dictionaries became more available, altering attitudes in dealing with various types dictionaries. This study aims at ...

Despite the big amount of general language dictionaries in electronic form, those coming from specialised areas are still “under construction”. There are two main reasons for this: firstly, the need for these dictionaries was/is less essential than the need for general language dictionaries, since these were/are aiming mainly to specialists, and secondly many specialised areas are changing over...

Postcorrection of OCR-results for text documents is usually based on electronic dictionaries. When scanning texts from a specific thematic area, conventional dictionaries often miss a considerable number of tokens. Furthermore, if word frequencies are stored with the entries, these frequencies will not properly reflect the frequencies found in the given thematic area. Correction adequacy suffer...

1. Background With the development of digital technology, types of learners’ dictionaries have been diversified during the last two decades. Digitized dictionaries such as those on CD-ROM and the Web have become widespread (e.g., Aust, Kelley, & Roby, 1993). Particularly, with the advent of hand-held electronic dictionaries (henceforth ED), the number of ED users has been rapidly expanding in J...

Polarity classification of words is important for applications such as Opinion Mining and Sentiment Analysis. A number of sentiment word/sense dictionaries have been manually or (semi)automatically constructed. The dictionaries have substantial inaccuracies. Besides obvious instances, where the same word appears with different polarities in different dictionaries, the dictionaries exhibit compl...

Automatic acquisition of raw source material is of great aid for the compilation of dictionaries, and, in particular, of specialized dictionaries such as collocation dictionaries. The extraction of collocations from corpora has been actively worked on since the late eighties. The quality of the state-of-the-art extraction algorithms allows the lexicographers to obtain lists of collocations they...

This study looks at how well the leading monolingual English learners’ dictionaries in their online versions cope with misspelled words as search terms. Six such dictionaries are tested on a corpus of misspellings produced by Polish, Japanese, and Finnish learners of English. The performance of the dictionaries varies widely, but is in general poor. For a large proportion of cases, dictionaries...

The utility of gum Arabic (Acacia Species) as film former (binder) in formulations was investigated. Some property such as blistering and scratch adhesion of the solutions of crude gum Arabic as a sole binder in formulations were investigated and compared to those of solutions of modified gum Arabic. From the work carried out, it was discovered that the quality of the film resulting from the so...

Although Arabic is currently one of the most widely spoken languages in the world, there has been relatively little speech recognition research on Arabic compared to other languages. Moreover, most previous work has concentrated on the recognition of formal rather than dialectal Arabic. This paper reports on our project at the 2002 Johns Hopkins Summer Workshop, which focused on the recognition...