Mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades are one of the many systems that allow plants to survive and defend themselves against pathogens other environmental stresses. Numerous scientific investigations rendered insights molecular signaling pathways take place in an event a stress such as soil salinity. Despite known functions locations proteins play role these pathways, very little is about u...

Arabidopsis thaliana is a small weed in the mustard family Brassicaceae which has become the model organism for research in biology of higher plant. The 130-megabase genome of the plant is organized into five chromosomes and contains an estimated 20,000 genes. To understand the entire genetic system in this plants, we initiated large-scale sequencing project of the Arabidopsis thaliana genome. ...

In the past several years, there has been a tremendous effort to construct physical maps and to sequence the genome of Arabidopsis thaliana. As a result, four of the five chromosomes are completely covered by overlapping clones except at the centromeric and nucleolus organizer regions (NOR). In addition, over 30% of the genome has been sequenced and completion is anticipated by the end of the y...

Tissue clearing methods combined with confocal microscopy have been widely used for studying developmental biology. In plants, ClearSee is a reliable method that applicable to wide range of tissues and suitable gene expression analysis using fluorescent reporters, but its application the Arabidopsis thaliana embryo, model system study morphogenesis pattern formation, has not described in origin...

Arabidopsis thaliana is a small weed in the mustard family Brassicaceae which has become the model organism for research in plant biology. The 130-megabase genome of the plant is organized into five chromosomes and contains an estimated 20,000 genes. To understand the entire genetic system in this plants, we initiated large-scale sequencing project of the Arabidopsis thaliana genome. We are tak...

The seed size, seed mass, and growth rate of transgenic Arabidopsis plants containing PgTIP1, a ginseng tonoplast aquaporin gene, are significantly higher than those of wild-type Arabidopsis plants. Whole genome expression and bioinformatics analysis, including analysis of co-expression networks and transcription factors (Tfscan), were used to determine the key genes that are activated after th...

To add detail to the genetic map of Arabidopsis lyrata, and compare it with that of A. thaliana, we have developed many additional markers in the A. lyrata linkage groups, LG1 and LG2, corresponding to A. thaliana chromosome 1. We used a newly developed method for marker development for single nucleotide polymorphisms present in gene sequences, plus length differences, to map genes in an A. lyr...

Background: TRR14 protein is a small member of a multi-gene family in Arabidopsis and is the first ones found during screening of seedlings for their resistant to the trehalose sugar.Objectives: Characterization ofTRR14 over-expressed plants with respect to morphological changes, growth and photosynthesis related parameters.Materials and methods: TRR14gene was isolated from Arabidop...

Recent intensive studies of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana have revealed the molecular mechanisms underlying circadian rhythms in detail. Results of phylogenetic analyses indicated that some of core clock genes are widely conserved throughout the plant kingdom. For another model plant the legume Lotus japonicus, we have reported that it has a set of putative clock genes highly homologous ...

Turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV) is a positive-strand RNA virus able to infect Arabidopsis thaliana. To establish a TYMV infection system in Arabidopsis cell culture, TYMV replicons with the capsid protein gene replaced by a reporter gene expressing the Sh ble protein conferring zeocin resistance were used to transfect Arabidopsis cells. Zeocin-resistant Arabidopsis calli were used to generate...