In recent years, the banking industry has made significant changes in technology and communications. The expansion of electronic communications and a large number of people around the world access to the Internet, appropriate to establish trade and economic exchanges provided but high costs, lack of flexibility and agility in existing systems because of the large volume of information, confiden...

The subjective quality of architectural design requires all designers to consider an infinite set of possibilities to a project design. Logically, the faster a designer can visualize and communicate possible ideas within a given time frame, the better their opportunity to discover the best design solution. Ultimately, perfection in architectural design can never be achieved, but its pursuit doe...

Performance comparisons across diierent computer archi-tectures cannot usually separate the architectural contribution from various implementation and technology contributions to performance. This paper compares an example implementation from the RISC and CISC architectural schools (a MIPS M/2000 and a Digital VAX 8700) on nine of the ten SPEC benchmarks. The organizational similarity of these ...

Convergence is occurring in the fields of architectural and engineering design, construction, and GIS. The primary goal is to ensure that everyone working on a building, road or highway, and infrastructure project has a seamless flow of design information. The primary business drivers for this transformative technology advance are productivity and efficiency in the design, construction and faci...

Over the last several years, the software architecture community has reached significant consensus about what we mean by architecture; what differentiates architecture from design; the role that architecture plays in the development of products and product lines; and how we can analyze architectures to anticipate development problems. One area where some confusion remains is differentiating an ...

Designing high-speed low-power circuits with CMOS technology has been a major research problem for many years. The increasing demand for low-power design can be addressed at different design levels, such as software, architectural, algorithmic, circuit, and process technology level. This paper presents different approaches to reduce power consumption of any arbitrary combinational logic circuit...

Three-dimensional (3D) integration is an emerging technology that vertically stacks and interconnects multiple materials, technologies and functional components to form highly integrated micro/nano-systems. This paper reviews the materials and technologies for three wafer bonding approaches to 3D integration using adhesive, metal, and metal/adhesive as the bonding interfaces. Similarities and d...

The eXtensible Markup Language (XML) opens the possibility to start anew, on a solid technological ground, the ambitious goal of developing a suitable technology for the creation and maintenance of a virtual, distributed, hypertextual library of formal mathematical knowledge. In particular, XML provides a central technology for storing , retrieving and processing mathematical documents, compris...