The Neolithic (ca. 8000-1900 B.C.) underpinnings of early Chinese civilization had diverse geographic and cultural foundations in distinct traditions, ways of life, subsistence regimes, and modes of leadership. The subsequent Bronze Age (ca. 1900-221 B.C.) was characterized by increasing political consolidation, expansion, and heightened interaction, culminating in an era of a smaller number of...

When Chinese archaeologists opened an unknown vault under the collapsed pagoda of Famen Temple near Xian (Shaanxi Province, NW China) in 1987, they found a vast amount of valuable silk textiles. The degraded textiles were part of a treasure comprising hundreds of artifacts deposited by Tang dynasty (ad 618–907) emperors as a gift to the temple. Run as a bilateral German-Chinese project, the Roe...

The article is dedicated to the question of how legend about emergence Argead dynasty was formed. paper studies written ancient sources, as well numismatics, which are associated Macedonian royal house. raises an etymological connection between Greek word goat (αἶξ) and first capital, Aigai. Attention also drawn similarities images a in Scythian, Thracian cultures, congeniality evidence traditi...

With the Qing armies marching into Beijing through Shanhai Pass, Manchu bannermen under Eight Banners system saw great changes in their everyday lives. However, they continued with practice of shamanic sacrifices. This paper analyzes “Sacred Books”, genealogies, and other historical materials about rituals, to place shamanism lives Dynasty. It explores relationship between this religion bannerm...

This paper aims to analyse the structural function and symbolic of historic building Yuan Guan during inculturation process in early Qing dynasty China. was dominant Western practice dynasty, when technology, design, aesthetics, linear perspective were considered indispensable tools express nature an architectural encounter between China Europe. Given artistic–cultural richness this context, ma...

In this article we discuss the archaeological landscapes of Erbil plain during Hellenistic period (late fourth century BCE–mid second BCE) based on data collected Plain Archaeological Survey (EPAS) between 2012 and 2019. We use a landscape archaeology approach to trace patterns habitation, migration, land exploitation, water management from Iron Age early first millennium CE. Over course BCE, w...

This study examines the early multiculturalism of Abbasid Empire. The purpose is to demonstrate significance historical in building a governmental-social system. analysis also integrates Persian and Greco-Roman multicultural models. argues that Dynasty, which succeeded Umayyad Dynasty after revolution, had introduced unique model by establishing tolerant libertarian imperial structure. In effec...

This paper is going to focus on the meaning of ear votives in Greek and Roman Eastern Mediterranean. It will deal specifically with Lydian-Phrygian votive stelae objects from western Asia Minor. In addition, a general evaluation finds Ancient Egypt civilization, Cyprus Italy made text. Votive steles large depictions are seen for first time 20th Dynasty Egypt. The dedications presented goddess H...

Taking the interaction between agricultural guidelines of Mongol regime in China and textile handicraft 13th 14th centuries as main clue, this article analyzes historical background policies restoring promoting production early Yuan Dynasty, reviews policy content relevant to planting or breeding fiber raw materials for handicraft, discusses role technological progress Dynasty. Studies have rev...