Controversy remains as to the scope of advanced planning in language production. Smith and Wheeldon (1999) found significantly longer onset latencies when subjects described moving-picture displays by producing sentences beginning with a complex noun phrase than for matched sentences beginning with a simple noun phrase. While these findings are consistent with a phrasal scope of planning, they ...

Until recently, Algonquian linguistic research has not considered word order and phrase structure to be particularly important components of these languages. The decision to exclude phrase structure from discussion is based on the seemingly erratic distribution of constituents in an Algonquian utterance when the traditional Algonquianist categories of noun, verb, and particle (i.e. everything t...

We propose a method for semantic structure analysis of noun phrases using Abstract Meaning Representation (AMR). AMR is a graph representation for the meaning of a sentence, in which noun phrases (NPs) are manually annotated with internal structure and semantic relations. We extract NPs from the AMR corpus and construct a data set of NP semantic structures. We also propose a transition-based al...

In two separate self-paced reading experiments, Farmer, Christiansen and Monaghan (2006) found that the degree to which a word’s phonology is typical of other words in its lexical category influences on-line processing of nouns and verbs in predictive contexts. Staub, Grant, Clifton and Rayner (2009) failed to find an effect of phonological typicality when they combined stimuli from the separat...

ARKref is a tool for noun phrase coreference that is based on the systemdescribed byHaghighi and Klein (2009) (which was never publicly released). It was originally written in 2009. At the time of writing, the last released version was in March 2011. This document describes that version, which is open-source and publicly available at http://www.ark.cs.cmu.edu/ARKref.1 ARKref is a deterministic,...

OBJECTIVE To assess age differences in the costs of language planning and production. METHODS A controlled sentence production task was combined with digital pursuit rotor tracking. Participants were asked to track a moving target while formulating a sentence using specified nouns and verbs and to continue to track the moving target while producing their response. The length of the critical n...

EEG mu rhythms (8-13 Hz) recorded at fronto-central electrodes are generally considered as markers of motor cortical activity in humans, because they are modulated when participants perform an action, when they observe another's action or even when they imagine performing an action. In this study, we analyzed the time-frequency (TF) modulation of mu rhythms while participants read action langua...

Objectives: Nouns and verbs are the central conceptual linguistic units of language acquisition in all human languages. While the noun-bias hypothesis claims that nouns have a privilege in children’s lexical development across languages, studies on Mandarin and Korean and other languages have challenged this view. More recent cross-linguistic naming studies on children in German, Turkish,...

B y corpus analyses, about seventy-five percent of Chinese sentences are composed of more than two sentence segments separated by commas or semicolons. A segment may be a sentence, a noun phrase, a verb phrase, an adjective phrase, an adverbial phrase, or a prepositional phrase. An N P segment may serve as a subject of the next segment or an object of the previous segment. The empty category pr...

We propose two Japanese-language information retrieval methods that enhance retrieval effectiveness by using relationships between words. The first method uses dependency relationships between words in a sentence, while the second method uses proximity relationships, in particular the ordered co-occurrence information of words in a sentence as an approximation to the dependency relationships be...