BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men in the United States. Both at diagnosis and throughout the disease progression, it can metastasize to multiple organs, most commonly bone and lymph nodes. Effusions (either pleural or abdominal) are relatively uncommon. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We reviewed the medical literature including the case reports and post-mortem studies rela...

PRIMARY PURPOSE Formation of ascites and pleural effusion (PE) is a common problem for patients with advanced-stage cancer. These fluid accumulations cause severe symptoms such as abdominal distention, shortness of breath, cachexia, anorexia, and fatigue. Preclinical models have demonstrated that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a pivotal role in the accumulation of malignant PE ...

A common problem in patients with chronic liver diseases and liver cirrhosis is the development of ascites. First line therapy for ascites is the restriction of sodium intake and a diuretic treatment. Paracentesis is indicated in patients with large compromising volumes of ascites. In selected cases, permanent drainage of ascites over prolonged periods of time may be indicated. In the case pres...

An artificial neural network was trained to predict the presence or absence of ascites in broiler chickens. The neural network was a three-layer back-propagation neural network with an input layer of 15 neurons (defining 15 physiological variables), a hidden layer of 16 neurons, and an output layer of 2 neurons (the presence or absence of ascites). Male by-products of a breeder pullet line were...

To clarify unknown rationalities of herbaceous compatibility of Euphorbia Pekinensis (DJ) and Glycyrrhiza glabra (GC) acting on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ascites, peritoneum transcriptomics profiling of 15 subjects, including normal control (Con), HCC ascites mouse model (Mod), DJ-alone, DJ/GC-synergy and DJ/GC-antagonism treatment groups were performed on OneArray platform, followed by di...

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a clinically relevant marker of trophoblastic and nontrophoblastic malignancies. In the present studies, in addition to determining serum hCG, we investigated the presence and properties of hCG immunoreactivity in ascites of patients with nontrophoblastic malignant tumors and, for comparison, in ascites caused by cirrhotic liver disease. Total hCG immunorea...

Bacterial infections, most commonly spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with ascites, occur in one third of admitted patients with cirrhosis, and account for a 4-fold increase in mortality. Bacteria are isolated from less than 40% of ascites infections by culture, necessitating empirical antibiotic treatment, but culture-independent studies suggest bacteria are commonly present, even ...

BACKGROUND Renal hemodynamic measurements are complicated to perform in patients with cirrhosis, yet they provide the best measure of risk to predict hepatorenal syndrome (HRS). Currently, there are no established biomarkers of altered renal hemodynamics in cirrhosis validated by measured renal hemodynamics. METHODS In this pilot study, simultaneous measurements of glomerular filtration rate ...

OBJECTIVES Human kallikreins 6 (hK6) and 10 (hK10) are secreted serine proteases. We previously found that hK6 and hK10 are highly overexpressed in epithelial ovarian tumors and demonstrated that serum levels of hK6 and hK10 are valuable biomarkers for ovarian cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Our aim is to purify and characterize these two kallikreins from ascites fluid of ovarian cancer patient...

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disorder with involvement of multiple organs. Various forms of serositis, including pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, and ascites, may be found during the course of SLE. Peritoneal involvement by ascites is common in the initial presentation of SLE. However, chylous ascites is uncommon in SLE patients. Here, we describe a 93-year...