Emitted by numerous primary sources and formed secondary sources, atmospheric brown carbon (BrC) aerosol is chemically complex. As BrC ages in the atmosphere via a variety of chemical physical processes, its composition optical properties change significantly, altering impacts on climate. Research past decade has considerably expanded our understanding reactions both gas condensed phases. We re...

Elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) can affect both the quantity and quality of plant tissues produced, which will impact the cycling and storage of carbon (C) within plant/soil systems and thus the rate of CO2 release back to the atmosphere. Research is needed to more accurately quantify the effects of elevated CO2 and associated feedbacks on soil CO2 efflux in order to predict the poten...

The link between atmospheric CO(2) levels and global warming is an axiom of current public policy, and is well supported by physicochemical experiments, by comparative planetary climatology and by geochemical modelling. Geological tests of this idea seek to compare proxies of past atmospheric CO(2) with other proxies of palaeotemperature. For at least the past 300 Myr, there is a remarkably hig...

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were functionalized using nonequilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma. The efficiency of the atmospheric pressure plasma treatment is characterised by XPS, FT-IR spectroscopy and contact angle measurements. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals that the MWCNT structure can be preserved when wet feeding into the plasma is applied.

Atmospheric volatile organic compound (VOC) oxidationmechanisms under pristine (rural/remote) and urban (anthropogenically-influenced) conditions follow distinct pathways due to large differences in nitrogen oxide (NOx) concentrations. These two pathways lead to products that have different chemical and physical properties and reactivity. Under pristine conditions, isoprene hydroxy hydroperoxid...

Soils contain the largest pool of terrestrial organic carbon (C) and are a major source of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Thus, they may play a key role in modulating climate change. Rising atmospheric CO2 is expected to stimulate plant growth and soil C input but may also alter microbial decomposition. The combined effect of these responses on long-term C storage is unclear. Combining meta-...

Reconstruction of atmospheric CO2 during times of past abrupt climate change may help us better understand climate-carbon cycle feedbacks. Previous ice core studies reveal simultaneous increases in atmospheric CO2 and Antarctic temperature during times when Greenland and the northern hemisphere experienced very long, cold stadial conditions during the last ice age. Whether this relationship ext...

We have examined the effect of varying end-expiratory lung volume on carbon dioxide elimination in 10 mongrel dogs undergoing conventional mechanical ventilation at 12 b.p.m. and forced diffusion ventilation (FDV) at 6 Hz and 50 Hz and continuous flow. End-expiratory volumes were altered by changing the pressure in a plethysmographic box in which the dogs underwent ventilation. The pressures st...