Eight muscles invest the human tongue: four extrinsic muscles have external origins and insert into the tongue body and four intrinsic muscles originate and terminate within the tongue. Previously, we noted minimal activation of the genioglossus tongue muscle during impeded protrusion tasks (i.e., having subjects push the tongue against a force transducer), suggesting that other muscles play a ...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of tongue stretching exercise on the tongue length of healthy adults. [Subjects and Methods] This study recruited 6 healthy adults. They were treated for 4 weeks with tongue stretching. The change in tongue length during tongue protrusion before and after intervention was measured using a ruler. [Results] All 6 participants show...

Recent studies conducted in our laboratory have suggested that the tongue primary motor cortex (i.e., tongue-MI) plays a critical role in the control of voluntary tongue movements in the primate. However, the possible involvement of tongue-MI in semiautomatic tongue movements, such as those in swallowing, remains unknown. Therefore the present study was undertaken in attempts to address whether...

R ecognition and diagnosis of tongue abnormalities require examination of tongue morphology and a thorough history, including onset and duration, antecedent symptoms, and tobacco and alcohol use. A complete head and neck examination, with careful assessment for lymphadenopathy, is essential. According to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the point prevalence of tongue lesion...

OBJECTIVES Tongue is the most important phonatory organ in stomatognathic system. Radical resection of tongue squamous cell carcinoma can cause tongue defect and result in serious oral dysfunction, especially in phonetic function. This study aims to reveal the influence of tongue cancer, tongue defect and tongue reconstructions to phonetic function of tongue cancer patients. STUDY DESIGN Form...

Ablative laser resurfacing is an effective treatment for atrophic acne scars. However, it often induces complications such as edema, prolonged erythema, scarring and hyperpigmentation. Therefore, a new concept of laser treatment called fractional photothermolysis has been designed to create microscopic thermal wounds to achieve skin rejuvenation treatment of atrophic acne scars. This study was ...

Volume 3 • Isse 2 • 1000134 arthroplasty, as a result of the association of atrophic osteoarthritis with low body mass and osteoporotic fractures [15]. Some other examinations have demonstrated that 25 percent of postmenopausal women scheduled for undergoing total hip arthroplasty had hidden osteoporosis [16]. It has been also shown that osteoporosis could elevate the progression of osteoarthri...

Methods Decision tree analysis was carried out using clinical data collected from 1502 stroke patients with same subtypes diagnosed identically by two experts with more than 3 years of clinical experience. Among 9 tongue indicators, 6 major tongue indicators (red tongue, pale tongue, yellow fur, white fur, thick fur, teeth-marked tongue) were selected by decision tree analysis. Each PI has a sp...

UNLABELLED Tongue lesions constitute a considerable proportion of oral mucosal lesions, and are health concern to both oral health care providers and public. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of tongue lesions and conditions among a group of Jordanian population attending dental clinics, in addition to assessment of their symptoms, knowledge, and treatment provi...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS The hypoglossal nerve (XII) has been used as a donor nerve in facial and laryngeal reinnervation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the neuromuscular changes that occur within the tongue following partial or complete transection of XII using a canine model. STUDY DESIGN Histopathological comparison of tongue denervation following two types of XII resection in ...