Highly porous microbial aggregates occur in a variety of environments ranging from marine snow in oceans to floes in biological reactors. For permeable aggregates undergoing gravitational settling or subjected to fluid shear, predicted velocities of intra-aggregate flow range from 1 to 100 pm s I. Estimation of intra-aggregate velocities requires spccihcation of the aggregate size, porosity, an...

The mechanical and durability properties of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) are generally inferior to conventional due the old mortar attached surface original aggregate, which induces more complicated interfacial transition zones (ITZs) in RAC. microbial induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) modification is a novel environmentally-friendly method improve ITZs In this study, physical coarse ...

background and objective: time-temperature indicators are used in smart packaging, and described as intelligent tools attached to the label of food products to monitor their timetemperature history. since the previous studies on microbial time-temperature indicators were only based on ph-dependent changes, and they were long-time response indicators, in the present work, a new microbial time-te...