We have designed a five-year multicentre prospective cohort study in women who are both human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive with either atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) of cervix. This study aimed to analyze the risk of developing a high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) from either ASCUS or LSIL in HPV-p...

Mucins are cell bound high molecular weight glycoproteins which secreted by epithelial cells. Total 21 mucin variants identified till date. Mucin1 (MUC1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein, when reacts with beta-catenin, can able to enter the nucleus activate T-cell factor/leukocyte enhancing factor 1 transcription factors and gene expression, after it may inhibit cell-cell cell-stroma interaction...

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN 3) is the best proxy in research and screening for invasive cancer risk. Yet the timing of CIN 3 development is uncertain because of measurement errors integral to its diagnosis. We were interested in estimating the proportions of prevalent vs incident CIN 3 within 2 years of finding a minor cytologic abnormality. We estimate that only 17 (2.8%) o...

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) rarely metastasizes to the skin. Metastases to the nasal tip from hypopharyngeal malignancies are extremely rare. We present a patient with nasal tip metastasis from hypopharyngeal SCC. A 74-year-old man with hypopharyngeal and esophageal carcinomas had a red nodule on his nasal tip (so-called "clown nose"). Histopathologically, atypical squamoid cell...

The national Croatian improved diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for premalignant lesions of the uterine cervix are presented: for atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN I, CIN II CIN III) and for microcarcinoma (FIGO grade Ia1). Separately are presented the guidelines for abnormal glandular epithelium: atypical glandular ce...

BACKGROUND/AIM Bethesda system of classification of cytological findings was introduced in 2001 two subcategories in the category of atypical squamous cells (ASC) findings: ASC of undetermined significance (ASC-US) and ASC which cannot exlude high-grade intraepithelial lesions (ASC-H). The aim of our study was to assess a possible association of these two subcategories with pathologic biopsy fi...

Cervical cancer is the second-most prevalent cancer in young women around the world. Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), especially high-risk HPV types (HR-HPV), is necessary for the development of this cancer. HPV-DNA detection is increasingly being used in cervical cancer screening programs, together with the Papanicolau smear test. We evaluated the usefulness of introducing this new a...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the use of liquid cytology in Pap smears in women with developmental disabilities (DD) for endocervical cell yield and abnormalities, via speculum examination or blind technique. METHODS We used retrospective chart review of gynecological visits by women with DD from October 2002 to November 2005. Cervical cytology screening included speculum examination or blind techniq...

A previously healthy 26-year-old woman underwent a routine Papanicolaou test a few weeks after first coitus. As the results suggested atypical squamous cells of uncertain significance, she was referred to a gynecologist. The uterine cervix appeared grossly normal. Microscopic examination of the blind biopsies of the cervix demonstrated diffuse infiltration of atypical large lymphoid cells admix...