Replies to comments by M. Glassman and D. Karno and R. K. Unger, on the author's original article on ideology. J. T. Jost thanks Glassman and Karno for returning him to his philosophical roots. Glassman and Karno argued in favor of an "instrumental pragmatist" approach to the study of ideology that emphasizes the strategic, purposive, goal-directed nature of political rhetoric and belief. He ag...

The article analyzes the geopolitical situation at end of twentieth century associated with problem history and ideology. It is noted that modern society defined as "post-ideological", in which ideas have ceased to significant significance political space. There a crisis traditional ideologies politics. foundation ideological presence fragmented society, obviousness scepticism politics, cynicis...