the subject of transplant immunosuppression has generated significant interest in recent years. excellent immunosuppression, advances in surgical technique, post-transplantation care, and infection control have resulted in excellent outcomes. there is widespread support for the notion that the fundamental objective in transplant immunology should be the achievement of specific graft tolerance. ...

PURPOSE The relationships among students' self-efficacy, 2 x 2 achievement goals (mastery-approach [MAp], mastery-avoidance [MAv], performance-approach [PAp], and performance-avoidance goals), and achievement performance remain largely unanswered. We tested a model of the mediating role of self-efficacy on the relationship between 2 x 2 achievement goals and cardiorespiratory fitness METHOD A...

Learners sometimes have incoherent and fragmented intuitive prior knowledge that is (partly) "incompatible" with the to-be-learned contents. Such knowledge in pieces can cause conceptual disorientation and cognitive overload while learning. We hypothesized that a pre-training intervention providing a generalized schema as a structuring framework for such knowledge in pieces would support (re)or...

The optimum time students should spend on homework has been widely researched although the results are far from unanimous. The main objective of this research is to analyze how homework assignment strategies in schools affect students' academic performance and the differences in students' time spent on homework. Participants were a representative sample of Spanish adolescents (N = 26,543) with ...

Inbreeding depression is widely hypothesized to drive adaptive evolution of precopulatory and post-copulatory mechanisms of inbreeding avoidance, which in turn are hypothesized to affect evolution of polyandry (i.e. female multiple mating). However, surprisingly little theory or modelling critically examines selection for precopulatory or post-copulatory inbreeding avoidance, or both strategies...

OBJECTIVE To examine whether prospective bleeding risk estimates for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention could improve the use of bleeding avoidance strategies and reduce bleeding. DESIGN Prospective cohort study comparing the use of bleeding avoidance strategies and bleeding rates before and after implementation of prospective risk stratification for peri-procedural bleedi...

This study aimed to investigate the eighth graders’ communication strategies in English classroom activities at SMP Negeri 3 Kalibening. research conducted a qualitative approach with descriptive method. The observational data were collected by using video and audio recorder, sheet, triangulated structured interview. analysis procedures consisted of reduction, display, conclusion drawing verifi...