نتایج جستجو برای: axillary metastasis
تعداد نتایج: 141073 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
BACKGROUND Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in patients with breast cancer has the potential to induce side-effects, including upper-limb lymphedema. Axillary reverse mapping (ARM) is a technique that enables discrimination of the lymphatic drainage of the breast from that of the upper limb in the axillary lymph node (LN) basin. If lymphedema is caused by removing these lymphatics and node...
Abstract Introduction According to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification, invasive breast carcinoma (IBC) of no special type (IBC-NST) is second most common primary site central nervous system metastases, affecting 15% 30% patients. Brain metastasis originating from IBC associated with patient age, tumor size, and axillary lymph node status. Loss expression hormone receptors c-erbB...
AIMS AND BACKGROUND Locoregional lymph node status is one of the most important prognostic factors determining the need for adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer. Many authors have reported that micrometastases were not detected by routine sectioning of lymph nodes but were identified by multiple sectioning and additional staining. Among lymph node-negative patients 15-20% had an...
Aims and background: Locoregional lymph node status is one of the most important prognostic factors determining the need for adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer. Many authors have reported that micrometastases were not detected by routine sectioning of lymph nodes but were identified by multiple sectioning and additional staining. Among lymph node-negative patients 15-20% had a...
Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy in breast cancer allows for a more thorough pathologic assessment with serial sectioning and cytokeratin staining. This has resulted in increased detection of micrometastatic disease (tumor size < 2 mm) in the SLN. Unfortunately, the value of completion axillary dissection after finding micrometastatic disease in the SLN remains poorly defined. Over a 2-year per...
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