A new species of Megasporaceae, Aspicilia nigromaculata sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Pakistan. comparative morpho-anatomical study ITS- LSU-based molecular analyses confirmed its position within the genus Aspicilia. It differs other by following set features: a well-developed, grey to greenish frequently black spotted thick thallus, well- developed thicker peripheral flat slightly...

Kesar has been an important ingredient of the recipes of our ancient physicians in the field of Indian systems of medicine and its cultivation is a monopoly of Jammu and Kashmir. This paper presents in detail the historical review, botanical description, vernacular names, distribution in India and world, cultivation, collection, preservation and storage, adulterants, purity tests, chemical comp...

In this study, an attempt is made to generate hazard maps for the Jammu Region (JR) in and Kashmir terms of surface peak ground acceleration ( $${\mathrm{PGA}}_{\mathrm{surface}}$$ ), liquefaction zonation, vulnerability index $$K\mathrm{g}$$ ). To do this, seismic response 200 sites was examined, amplification factors at 0.01 s, 0.2 1 10 s were estimated based on site-specific $${\mathrm{PGA}}...

INTRODUCTION Each day almost 500 newborns die in Pakistan, ranking this country close to Afghanistan and Iraq amongst developing countries in terms of neonatal mortality. This constitutes more than 70% of the infant mortality rate. Among the various determinants of neonatal mortality in Pakistan, most emerge from behaviors and inappropriate practices of mothers, particularly in rural communitie...

The present study is an attempt to explicate the influence of gender and social status in selection English apology strategies different communicative situations. sample for consists forty-two EFL learners. Data were collected analyzed through Discourse Completion Tasks Interviews. Statistically, no significant difference observed use among gender; but result exhibits that both male female whil...