The conventional wisdom is that the concept of information is closely related to the concept of probability. In Shannon's information theory, information is equated to a reduction in entropy—a probabilistic concept. In this paper, a different view of information is put on the table. Information is equated to restriction. More concretely, a restriction is a limitation on the values which a varia...

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a viral disease of livestock that can cause cutaneous and internal lesions, affecting milk production, hide quality and in some cases death of the infected animal. After an outbreak in neighboring Iran, a working group from the Azerbaijan State Veterinary Control Service was sent to the border rayons (administrative districts) to determine if any cattle in southern A...

Nosemosis is one of the most dangerous infectious diseases honeybees in Azerbaijan and World. Nosema ceranae dominant species detected Azerbaijan, this study aimed to detect prevalence infection country. For purpose, an average 100 honeybee samples were collected from 64 hives, 24 three regions north 40 five areas south. In lab, abdomens 50 bees each group dissected crushed a container, adding ...

The article analyzes the content, literary features, and historical context of theme Azerbaijan Karabakh in literature Ahiska Turks. It reviews Turks’ participation cultural, economic, public spheres after their immigration to country starting from 1958 (the Turks were exiled homelands 1944). Information is given about works writers living Azerbaijan, including activities Union Turkish Writers ...

mitochondria1 dna (mtdna) control region sequences were analyzed to evaluate the population genetic structure of persian sturgeon (acipenser persicus) in caspian sea. a total of 45 specimens were collected from the different locations of the caspian sea. mtdna control region was amplified using pcr. direct sequencing was performed according standard method. the results showed that 12 haplotypes...

Conflict, war and the resultant displacement of populations increase risk for infectious disease transmission. Forced migration, loss safe shelter, livelihood interrupted access to clean water, electricity healthcare all lead increases in epidemic risk. Refugees displaced people are uniquely vulnerable COVID-19. The chaos its aftermath override population health education messages wear a mask, ...

This review summarizes the keynote speeches and some presentations on specific problems delivered by participants of interregional scientific practical round-table discussion “Interregional Intermunicipal Collaboration under Conditions Environmental Challenges in Volga Region” held June 29, 2021 at Kazan Federal University. The event was attended representatives local government authorities Rep...

The article briefly gives the history of creation Azerbaijan National Museum Art, one largest museums in country. museum has a rich collection Russian, Western European, Eastern and Azerbaijani art. been formed throughout existence museum, but its foundation was laid back Azgosmusey. A certain part is made up exhibits transferred to during USSR period, cultural policy that relied on education m...

According to the fear module theory, humans are evolutionarily predisposed to perceive snakes as prioritized stimuli and exhibit a fast emotional and behavioral response toward them. In Europe, highly dangerous snake species are distributed almost exclusively in the Mediterranean and Caspian areas. While the risk of a snakebite is relatively low in Central Europe, Azerbaijan, on the other hand,...